Amazinga okubhukuda adluliselwa ekunikezelweni kwezihloko zemidlalo nezigaba. Izidingo zekhono nesivinini sababhukudi ziyashintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, kaningi ziqonde ekuqiniseni. Njengomthetho, izinqumo ezinjalo zenziwa ngokuya ngemiphumela yeChampionship, imiqhudelwano yamazwe omhlaba kanye nama-Olympiads. Uma kunokuthambekela okujwayelekile kokunciphisa isikhathi ababambiqhaza abasichitha ukumboza ibanga, izidingo ziyabuyekezwa.
Kulesi sihloko, sibala izinhlu zokubhukuda zango-2020 zabesilisa, abesifazane nezingane. Sizokutshela nemithetho nezimfuneko zokudlulisa amazinga, sizokunikeza imikhawulo yeminyaka.
Kungani baziqasha nhlobo?
Ukubhukuda kungumdlalo otholakala kunoma ngubani, kungakhathalekile ubulili noma ubudala. Vele, lapho umuntu eya echibini eyofunda ukubhukuda, akanandaba namazinga. Kufanele afunde ukubambelela emanzini, futhi athole umehluko phakathi kwesitayela samanzi ne-breaststroke. Kodwa-ke, ngokuzayo, uma ufuna ukuqhubeka uzizwa uthuthuka, sincoma ukulandelela ukusebenza kwakho.
Ababhukudi abangochwepheshe, noma kunjalo, benzela yonke imisebenzi yabo etafuleni lamazinga okubhukuda ngesigaba, sango-2020 nangeminyaka elandelayo. Balandela izimfuno zakhe futhi balwela ukwenza ngcono imiphumela njalo.
Lapho nje umgijimi esefeza okujwayelekile, unikezwa isigaba esifanele sentsha noma sabadala. Okulandelayo izihloko zeCandidate Master of Sports, Master of Sports ne-Master of Sports of International Class. Isihloko noma isikhundla esilinganayo sitholakala ngokubamba iqhaza emincintiswaneni yedolobha elisemthethweni, republican noma yamazwe omhlaba ebanjelwe ngaphansi kwe-International Swimming Federation (FINA). Umphumela urekhodwa ngokusemthethweni, futhi isikhathi kufanele sigcinwe kusetshenziswa isitophuwashi esisebenza ngogesi.
Ezinganeni ngo-2020, azikho izindinganiso ezihlukile zokubhukuda emachibini wamamitha angama-25 noma amamitha angama-50. Ziqondiswa itafula elijwayelekile. Ingane ingathola isigaba sentsha noma sezingane kusukela eminyakeni engu-9, isihloko se-CMS - kusuka eminyakeni eyi-10, i-MS - kusuka ku-12, i-MSMK - kusuka eminyakeni eyi-14. Abafana namantombazane angaphezu kweminyaka eyi-14 bavunyelwe ukuqhudelana emanzini avulekile.
Ukuthola isikhundla noma isikhundla kunikeza isimo sokubhukuda futhi kuvule umnyango oya kumaChampionship noma emiqhudelwaneni esezingeni eliphakeme.
Ukwahlukanisa
Ukubheka masinyane ematafuleni wezindinganiso zokubhukuda komuntu ongenalwazi kungadideka kancane. Ake sibone ukuthi zihlukaniswa kanjani:
- Ngokuya ngesitayela semidlalo, amazinga anqunyelwe ukukhasa esifubeni, emuva, esifubeni, uvemvane nokuxaka;
- Amazinga okubhukuda ahlukaniswe kwaba owesilisa nowesifazane;
- Kukhona ubude bamachibi obubili obumisiwe - ama-25 m nama-50 m. Noma umgijimi enza ibanga elifanayo kuzo, izidingo zizohluka;
- Ubudala bebanga buhlukanisa izinkomba ezigabeni ezilandelayo: Izigaba zentsha ze-I-III, izigaba zabantu abadala ze-I-III, i-Candidate Master of Sports, i-MS, i-MSMK;
- Izigaba zokubhukuda zidluliselwe amabanga alandelayo: i-sprint - 50 no-100 m, ubude obuphakathi - 200 no-400 m, i-stayer (ukukhasa kuphela) - 800 no-1500 m;
- Imincintiswano ibanjelwa echibini noma emanzini avulekile;
- Emanzini avulekile, amabanga amukelwa ngokujwayelekile angama-5, 10, 15, 25 km noma ngaphezulu. Abafana namantombazane kusukela eminyakeni engu-14 bavunyelwe ukuya emincintiswaneni enjalo;
Ngokuya ngemibandela yemincintiswano yamanzi avulekile, ibanga lihlale lihlukaniswe laba izingxenye ezimbili ezilinganayo, ukuze umuntu obhukudi anqobe uhhafu wamanje, kanti omunye umelene.
Umlando omncane
Ithebula lamanje lokubhukuda lika-2020 lihluke ngokuphelele kuleso elisetshenzisiwe, sithi, ngo-2000 noma ngo-1988. Uma umba ujule kakhulu, ungathola izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo!
Amazinga, ngomqondo esiwazi ngawo, aqala ukuvela kuphela eminyakeni yama-20 yekhulu lama-XX. Ngaphambi kwalokho, abantu babengenalo ithuba lokwenza izilinganiso ezinembile zemiphumela yesikhashana ngephutha elincane.
Ubuwazi ukuthi ukubhukuda kungumdlalo wokuqala ukufakwa kuma-Olympic Games? Imincintiswano yokubhukuda ihlala ifakwa ohlelweni lwama-Olimpiki.
Umkhuba ojwayelekile kwenzeka ukuthi wethulwe ngokusemthethweni ngonyaka we-1908 ngenkathi kusungulwa iFINA. Le nhlangano okokuqala yahlehlisa futhi yenza imithetho yemincintiswano yamanzi yanquma izimo, ubukhulu bamachibi, izidingo zamabanga. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho zonke izinkambiso zahlukaniswa, kwaba lula ukubona ukuthi yiziphi izindinganiso zokubhukuda ngamamitha angama-50 echibini, kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukubhukuda ama-5 km emanzini avulekile, njll.
Amazinga amatafula
Njalo eminyakeni engu-3-5, itafula lenziwa izinguquko, kucatshangelwa imiphumela etholwa minyaka yonke. Ngezansi ungabheka izindinganiso zokubhukuda zango-2020 zama-25m, amachibi angama-50m namanzi avulekile. Lezi zibalo zivunywa ngokusemthethweni yi-FINA kuze kube yi-2021.
Izinhlu zokubhukuda zabesifazane nabesilisa zibalwe ngokwehlukana.
Abesilisa, ichibi lokubhukuda 25 m.
Abesilisa, ichibi lokubhukuda 50 m.
Abesifazane, ichibi 25 m.
Abesifazane, idamu lokubhukuda 50 m.
Imincintiswano emanzini avulekile, amadoda, abesifazane.
Ungabona izidingo zokudlulisa ibanga elithile kulawa mathebula. Isibonelo, ukuze uthole isigaba se-I yabantu abadala ngokubhukuda okungamamitha ayi-100, indoda idinga ukuyibhukuda ngemizuzwana engama-57.1 echibini lamamitha angama-25, nemizuzwana engu-58.7 echibini lamamitha angama-50.
Izidingo ziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa azinakwenzeka.
Ungakudlulisa kanjani ukukhishwa
Njengoba sishilo ngenhla, ukuze kudlule amazinga wokuthola isigaba sokubhukuda, umgijimi kufanele abambe iqhaza emcimbini osemthethweni. Kungaba:
- Imiqhudelwano yamazwe omhlaba;
- European noma World Championships;
- Imiqhudelwano Kazwelonke;
- Ubuqhawe Russia;
- Indebe Yezwe;
- Imidlalo yama-Olimpiki Ezemidlalo;
- Noma yimiphi imicimbi yezemidlalo yaseRussia efakwe ku-ETUC (uhlelo oluhlangene).
Umbhukudi udlula ukubhalisa, uqeda ibanga futhi, uma ehlangabezana nezinga elifanele u-2020, uthola isigaba semidlalo ekubhukudeni.
Ukugxilwa kwanoma yikuphi ukuncintisana emanzini ukukhomba izindlela ezihamba phambili kakhulu zabahlanganyeli. Ukuze bathuthukise ukusebenza kwabo, ababhukudi baqeqesha kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside, bathuthukisa ukuqina komzimba, ukuxhumanisa kokunyakaza nokubekezela. Futhi, ukunamathela kuhlobo lwemithi, okubandakanya ukuqeqeshwa, ukudla okunempilo, nokulala okufanele, kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ubungcweti abubanjelwa echibini elingahleliwe. Kunezidingo ezikhethekile zokujula kwamathangi, uhlelo lokuhambisa amanzi, i-engeli engezansi neminye imingcele ethinta uthuthuva. Ngisho nemigwaqo imakwe futhi imakwe ngokuya ngemithetho evunyelwe.
Ukunakwa okukhethekile kunikezwa imishini yokubhukuda. Ngisho nemininingwane emincane efana nekepisi le-silicone ekhanda ingathinta ijubane lokuhamba. Isesekeli senjoloba sithuthukisa ukuhleleka komkhumbi, ngaleyo ndlela sinikeze umsubathi ithuba elincane lesikhashana. Bheka, ngokwesibonelo, emazingeni okubhukuda esihloko se-CCM ku-100m crawl - ngisho nokweshumi kwendaba yesibili! Ngakho khetha isigqoko esifanele futhi ungakhohlwa ukusigqoka.
Konke lokhu, kanye nokugxila kwensimbi kwimiphumela nokugqugquzela okunamandla, kusiza abagijimi abangochwepheshe ukuthi baphumelele ngisho namazinga anzima kakhulu.
