Ukugijima kwamamitha ayikhulu kungenye yamabanga adume kakhulu futhi ahlonishwayo kwezokusubatha. Imvamisa zibanjelwa enkundleni yezemidlalo evulekile.
Mayelana nokuthi yiliphi leli banga, yimaphi amarekhodi omhlaba asethwe kulo, yiziphi izindinganiso zokunqoba ibanga lamamitha ayikhulu phakathi kwamadoda, abesifazane, izingane zesikole, abafundi, kanye nabezempi namasosha amayunithi akhethekile, futhi yiziphi izindinganiso ze-TRP kuleli banga, funda kule ndaba.
Ukugijima amamitha ayi-100 - umdlalo wama-Olimpiki
Ukugijima ebangeni lamamitha ayikhulu kuyindlela yama-Olimpiki yezemidlalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwabasubathi, umjaho wamamitha ayi-100 uthathwa njengelinye lamabanga ahlonishwa kakhulu phakathi kwabasubathi.
Umhlanganyeli ngamunye kuleli banga ugijima emugqeni oqondile. Yonke imizila (futhi ikhona eyisishiyagalombili kuyo enkundleni evulekile, ngokuya ngemincintiswano emikhulu yamazwe omhlaba efana nama-Olimpiki noma imiqhudelwano yomhlaba) inobubanzi obufanayo. Baqala umjaho kusuka kumabhulokhi okuqala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokusebenzisa amamitha ayikhulu kumele liphasiswe kuzo zonke izikhungo zemfundo, kanye naphakathi kwabasebenzi bezempi bezinhlangano zamasosha nangesikhathi sokwamukelwa emanyuvesi ezempi kanye nasezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme, kanye nakwezinye izikhundla zomsebenzi womphakathi.
Umlando webanga
Ngokwesazi-mlando, imijaho yamamitha ayi-100 kwakuwumdlalo omdala kakhulu. Bese kuthi endulo, lezi zinhlanga zazivame ukuhlelwa ngaphandle kokubheka isikhathi. Umqedeli wokuqala wamenyezelwa njengomnqobi.
Kuphela ngekhulu le-19, isikhathi lapho umjaho wamamitha ayikhulu waqhutshwa khona, waqala ukulungisa nokubhala phansi imiphumela namarekhodi, futhi ekuqaleni kwekhulu elidlule, kwavela umfelandawonye wezokusubatha wamazwe omhlaba.
Irekhodi lokuqala lebanga lamamitha ayi-100 lisethwe ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 nguThomas Burke wase-United States. Wamboza amamitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana eyishumi nambili.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, irekhodi lakhe laphulwa. Ngakho-ke, uDonald Lippicott wahlanganisa ibanga elifanayo cishe umzuzwana owodwa nohhafu ngokushesha, ngenxa yalokho waba ngumpetha womhlaba wokuqala kuleli banga. Ngenxa yebanga elifushane lamamitha ayikhulu, kusenempi ejwayelekile ezingxenyeni zamasekhondi.
Izinhlanga zamamitha ayikhulu zehlukile kwezinye, amabanga amade, ngokwesibonelo, amamitha amabili noma amane. Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi ngenkathi unqoba ibanga lamamitha ayi-100, umgijimi akalinciphisi ijubane elithathwe ekuqaleni, unikela ngakho konke okusemandleni akhe ngale mizuzwana. Ngakho-ke, ukuze unqobe ngempumelelo ibanga lamamitha ayi-100, kudingeka ukuqeqeshwa okujwayelekile futhi okunamandla.
Amarekhodi Omhlaba ayi-100m
Phakathi kwabesilisa
Irekhodi lomhlaba labesilisa emjahweni wamamitha ayi-100 laqanjwa ngo-2009 ngumsubathi waseJamaica Usain Bolt... Ugijime leli banga ngamaphoyinti ayisishiyagalolunye namakhulu amahlanu nesishiyagalombili wamasekhondi. Ngakho-ke, akagcinanga ngokuqopha umlando omusha kuleli banga, kodwa futhi nerekhodi lejubane lomuntu.
Emjahweni wabesilisa wokudlulela emuva, amamitha amane ngekhulu, irekhodi lomhlaba labekwa ngabasubathi abavela eJamaica. Bagijime leli banga ngo-2012 ngamashumi amathathu nesithupha amaphoyinti ayisishiyagalombili namane namakhulu amane wesekhondi.
Phakathi kwabesifazane
Irekhodi Lomhlaba Labesifazane ku-100m Outdoor Women's Athlete evela eMelika UFlorence Griffith-Joyner... Ngo-1988, wagijima ibanga elingu-100m ngamaphuzu ayishumi namashumi amane nesishiyagalolunye namakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye wesekhondi.
Futhi emjahweni wokudlulisa wabesifazane wamamitha angamakhulu amane, irekhodi lomhlaba laphinde lasethwa yizakhamizi zase-US. Ngo-2012, bagijimisa lo mjaho ngamaphuzu angamashumi amane namashumi ayisishiyagalombili namakhulu amabili ngomzuzwana.
Amazinga wokukhishwa wamamitha ayi-100 asebenza phakathi kwamadoda
I-Master of Sports (MS)
Umpetha wezemidlalo kumele amboze leli banga ngemizuzwana engu-10.4.
Oqokelwe ukuba yi-Master of Sports (CCM)
Umsubathi omaka kwi-CCM kumele agijime ibanga lamamitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana engu-10.7.
Ngiyabeka
Umsubathi osezingeni lokuqala kufanele amboze leli banga ngemizuzwana eyi-11.1.
Isigaba II
Lapha izinga lisethwe kumasekhondi ayi-11.7.
Isigaba III
Kulokhu, ukuthola ibanga lesithathu, umgijimi kufanele agijime leli banga ngemizuzwana eyi-12.4.
Mina isigaba sentsha
Izinga lokumboza ibanga ukuthola ukukhishwa okunjalo yimizuzwana engu-12.8.
Isigaba sentsha II
Umsubathi ozothola isigaba sesibili sentsha kumele agijime ibanga lamamitha ayi-100 ngemizuzwana engu-13.4.
Isigaba sentsha se-III
Lapha indinganiso yokunqoba ibanga lamamitha ayikhulu iyimizuzwana eyi-14.
Amazinga wokukhishwa wokugijima amamitha ayi-100 phakathi kwabesifazane
I-Master of Sports (MS)
Umpetha wezemidlalo kumele amboze leli banga ngemizuzwana engu-11.6.
Oqokelwe ukuba yi-Master of Sports (CCM)
Umsubathi omaka kwi-CCM kumele agijime ibanga elingamamitha ayi-100 kumasekhondi ayi-12.2.
Ngiyabeka
Umsubathi osezingeni lokuqala kufanele alimboze leli banga kumasekhondi ayi-12.8.
Isigaba II
Lapha izinga lisethwe kumasekhondi ayi-13.6.
Isigaba III
Kulokhu, ukuthola isigaba sesithathu, umgijimi kufanele agijime leli banga ngemizuzwana engu-14.7.
Mina isigaba sentsha
Izinga lokumboza ibanga ukuthola ukukhishwa okunjalo yimizuzwana engu-15.3.
II isigaba sentsha
Ukwamukela isigaba sesibili sentsha, umgijimi kufanele agijime ibanga lamamitha ayi-100 ngemizuzwana eyi-16 ncamashi.
Isigaba sentsha se-III
Lapha indinganiso yokunqoba ibanga lamamitha ayikhulu iyimizuzwana eyi-17.
Amazinga wokugijima amamitha ayi-100 phakathi kwezingane zesikole nabafundi
Abafundi besikole samabanga aphezulu kuphela abagijima amamitha ayi-100 esikoleni. Izindinganiso ezikhungweni ezehlukene zemfundo zingahluka ngokudlula noma ngokususwa ngamashumi amane eshumi womzuzwana.
Isikole sebanga le-10
- Abafana bebanga le-10 abalindele ukuthola ibanga elithi "abahlanu" kumele bagijime ibanga lamamitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana engu-14.4.
- Ukushaya "amane" udinga ukukhombisa umphumela kumasekhondi ayi-14.8. Ukuthola amaphuzu "amathathu" udinga ukugijima amamitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana engu-15.5
- Amantombazane ebangeni leshumi kumele agijime amamitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana engu-16.5 ukuthola i-A. Amaphuzu wemizuzwana engu-17.2 azothola amaphuzu "amane", futhi amaphuzu amasekhondi angu-18.2 azothola "amathathu".
Ibanga le-11 lesikole, kanye nabafundi bezikhungo zemfundo ephakeme nezesekondari ezikhethekile
- La mazinga alandelayo asungulelwe abafana abafunda ibanga leshumi nanye kanye nabafundi abancane bamanyuvesi angewona ezempi: ukuthola amaphuzu "amahlanu" (noma "amahle kakhulu"), kuyadingeka ukukhombisa umphumela wemizuzwana engu-13.8. Ukugijima kwamasekhondi angu-14.2 kuzolinganiswa okune (noma okuhle). Umaki "Okuthathu" (noma "Okwanelisayo") ungatholwa ngokunqoba ibanga elinikeziwe, ukhombisa isikhathi semizuzwana engu-15.
- Amantombazane afunda ebangeni lokugcina lesikole, noma emanyuvesi nasezikoleni zobuchwepheshe, kumele akhombise imiphumela yemizuzwana engu-16.2 "kwabahlanu", imizuzwana eyi-17 "kwabane", nokuthola "amathathu", amantombazane adinga ukugijima amamitha ayikhulu ngo-18 imizuzwana ncamashi.
Izindinganiso ze-TRP zamamitha ayi-100 okugijima
Lawa mazinga angadluliselwa kuphela amantombazane nabafana abaneminyaka eyi-16 kuye kwengama-29.
Ubudala 16-17
- Ukwamukela ibheji le-TRP yegolide, izinsizwa zizodinga ukumboza ibanga lamamitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana engu-13.8, namantombazane - ngemizuzwana engu-16.3.
- Ukuze bathole ibheji yesiliva le-TRP, abafana kudingeka bagijime imitha eyikhulu ngemizuzwana engu-14.3, namantombazane - ngemizuzwana engu-17.6.
- Ukuze bathole ibheji yethusi, abafana kumele balimboze leli banga ngemizuzwana engu-14.6, namantombazane - ngemizuzwana eyi-18.
Ubudala 18-24
- Ukuze uthole ibheji le-TRP yegolide, izinsizwa ezikule minyaka izodinga ukumboza ibanga lamamitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana engu-13.5, namantombazane - ngemizuzwana engu-16.5.
- Ukuthola ibheji yesiliva le-TRP, abafana badinga ukugijima umjaho wamamitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana engu-14.8, namantombazane - ngemizuzwana eyi-17.
- Ukwamukela ibheji yethusi, izinsizwa kudingeka zigijime leli banga ngemizuzwana engu-15.1, namantombazane - ngemizuzwana engu-17.5.
Ubudala 25-29
- Ukwamukela ibheji le-TRP yegolide, izinsizwa ezikule minyaka izodinga ukumboza ibanga lamamitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana engu-13.9, namantombazane - ngemizuzwana engu-16.8.
- Ukuze bathole ibheji yesiliva le-TRP, abafana kudingeka banqobe umjaho wamamitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana engu-14.6, namantombazane - ngemizuzwana engu-17.5.
- Ukwamukela ibheji yethusi, izinsizwa kufanele zigijime leli banga ngemizuzwana eyi-15, namantombazane - ngemizuzwana engu-17.9.
Amazinga wokugijima ebangeni lamamitha ayi-100 kulabo ababhalisela inkonzo yenkontileka embuthweni wezempi
Abesilisa abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-30 abangena kwinkontileka kumele bahlanganise ibanga lamamitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana engu-15.1. Uma ubudala bendoda budlula iminyaka engamashumi amathathu, amazinga ancishiswa kancane - aya kumasekhondi ayi-15.8.
Ngokulandelayo, abesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-25 kumele bagijime amamitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana engu-19.5, nalabo bobulili obufanele abadlulile kwikota yekhulu - ngemizuzwana engama-20.5.
Amazinga wokugijima amamitha ayi-100 wezempi nezinsizakalo ezikhethekile zaseRussia
Lapha, amazinga ancike ekutheni hlobo luni lwamabutho noma iyunithi ekhethekile ekhonzwa yindoda.
Ngakho-ke, ngamasosha aseNavy kanye namayunithi ezibhamu ezinenjini, indinganiso yokunqoba ibanga lamamitha ayi-100 isethwe kumasekhondi ayi-15.1.
Amasosha avela eMbuthweni Wezindiza kumele ahlanganise ibanga lamamitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana eyi-14.1. Isikhathi esifanayo esamabutho akhethekile nezikhulu zezobunhloli.
Izikhulu ze-FSO ne-FSB kudingeka zigijime amamitha ayikhulu ngemizuzwana eyi-14.4 uma zingamaphoyisa nemizuzwana engu-12.7 uma zingamasosha amabutho akhethekile.
Njengoba ubona, umjaho wamamitha ayi-100 akuyona ibanga elidume kakhulu, elisuselwa endulo, lapho abantu bencintisana khona kuma-Olimpiki.
Izindinganiso zaleli banga nazo zinikelwa njalo - kusuka ezikhungweni zemfundo kuya ezinhlakeni zamabutho nakubutho olukhethekile. Ukuze imiphumela lapho isebenza ebangeni le-sprint elinikeziwe ukuthi libe lihle, ukuqeqeshwa okujwayelekile nokwanele ngokwanele kuyadingeka, kanye nokunamathela ngokuqinile kunqubo yokusebenza.
