Ukudidiyela nokunciphisa ukunyakaza lapho uhamba, ukugijima nokugxuma kunikezwa ngokuhlangana kweqakala kanye nonyawo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ihlala ixhumana nendawo futhi ibhekana nemithwalo eminingi yokushaqeka. Ngakho-ke, uvame ukulimala hhayi kuphela abagijimi, kodwa futhi nalabo abakude nezemidlalo. Iningi lalokhu kulimala yizinhlungu zamazinga ahlukahlukene.
Izizathu
Imisebenzi yezemidlalo ehilela ukunyakaza okusheshayo nokusheshayo, ukweqa nokuwa kuvame ukuholela ekulayisheni ngokweqile nokungalingani emilenzeni. Ngakho-ke, kubadlali abanjena, ukuqhuma kweqakala noma iqakala kungenye yokulimala okuvame kakhulu. Empilweni ejwayelekile, umonakalo onjalo wenzeka lapho usebenzisa izicathulo ezingahambisani nezwe noma uhlobo lomsebenzi.
Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile nokungathuthuki kwemisipha nakho kwandisa ingozi yokuwa, ukulinyazwa, noma ukusonteka konyawo. Izinguquko ezenzakalelayo noma ezitholakele ezenzakalweni zokujoyina ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka noma ukuhlinzwa kungadala imiphumela emibi kusuka ekugxumeni okungaphumeleli noma ukuhamba endaweni engalingani.
Izilinganiso ezelulayo
Ukulimala eqakaleni, kuya ngobukhulu, kuhlukaniswe kwaba:
- Amaphaphu (i-degree yokuqala) - kunokuqhekeka okuncane kwezicubu ezithambile lapho kuhlangana khona imisipha nemisipha. Ubuhlungu buthakathaka futhi buzibonakalisa ngokulayisha nokunyakaza kwejoyini, okulinganiselwe kancane ekuhambeni. Umlenze awulahlekelwa umsebenzi wawo wokusekela.
- Okuphakathi (kwesibili) - inani elibalulekile lemicu ye-ligament libhujiswa. Ngomzuzu wokuqala, kuba khona ubuhlungu obubukhali, obudamba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi bungahlala izinsuku ezimbalwa. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukunyathela izinyawo zakho. Iqakala licishe livinjwe izinhlungu nokuvuvukala okukhulu.
- Okukhulu (okwesithathu) - okubonakala ngokugqashuka okuphelele kwemisipha noma imisipha nobuhlungu obukhulu obungadluli isikhathi eside. Izimpawu zifana nokuqhekeka kwamathambo ejoyini - ilahlekelwa ngokuphelele yimisebenzi yokuhamba nokuxhasa.
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Izimpawu ze-ankle sprain
Ngokulimala okuncane, ubuhlungu bungabonakala kuphela ngosuku olulandelayo. Kukhona ukuvuvukala okuncane kwelungu. Ukuchitheka kwegazi kwendawo kungenzeka endaweni yokulimala. Ukwesekwa emlenzeni kwenziwa kube nzima ngenxa yobuhlungu obuncane. Ukuhamba ngokuhlanganyela kukhawulelwe kancane.
Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu ezinobuhlungu obunzima, kufanele uxhumane ngokushesha nodokotela wezokwelapha ukuthola imbangela ngqo nokuvimbela imiphumela emibi ekulimaleni okuphindaphindiwe uma kwenzeka ukuphuka.
Nge-sprain yesibili noma yesithathu ngesikhathi sokulimala, ubuhlungu obukhulu bungahle buhambisane nokuqaqeka kwesici noma ukuchofoza. Ayinyamalali ngisho nasesimweni sokuthula. Lapho ucindezela indawo eyonakele noma ukujikeleza konyawo, kukhula kakhulu. Ukuqhekeka okuphelele kwemigudu kuholela ekubukeni okusheshayo kwe-edema ne-hematoma, ukwanda kwendawo ekushiseni. Ilungu lithola ukuhamba okungajwayelekile. Konke ukunyakaza kuvinjelwe ubuhlungu obunzima nokushintsha kwesimo esihlobene sezingxenye ezihlangene. Umlenze ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele ulahlekelwa umsebenzi wawo wokusekela.
Ukuxilongwa
Ekuhlolweni kokuqala, okokuqala, ubukhulu bomonakalo bunqunywa kusetshenziswa ukuhlolwa kwe-palpation kanye nengcindezi, okwenziwa ukukhipha ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray ukutholakala kokuphuka. Uma lezi zindlela zingakwazi ukuthola imbangela, khona-ke ama-X-ray weqakala athathwa ngezindiza ezintathu. Futhi, ukusebenza kocwaningo olunjalo kunqunywa kusetshenziswa imithetho ye-Ottawa yokuhlola iqakala: uma isisulu singakwazi ukuthwala isisindo somzimba, sithathe izinyathelo ezine, ukucaciswa okuqhubekayo kokuxilongwa kuyadingeka, futhi nethuba lokwephuka liphezulu (95-98%).
Ukuze ucacise isimo semisipha, izicubu ezithambile futhi ukhombe ama-hematomas afihliwe, kunqunywa ukucabanga kwamagnetic resonance noma i-computed tomography.
Insiza yezimo eziphuthumayo
Okokuqala, kuthathwa izinyathelo zokudambisa izinhlungu nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala ngokucindezela okubandayo nokunciphisa izinhlungu. Ngemuva kwalokho isitho esilimele kufanele sibekwe egqumeni elintofontofo bese ijoyinti lingasebenzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa i-bandage, i-splint noma i-bandage ekhethekile.
Ngezinga elijwayelekile lokulimala, udinga ukuxhumana nodokotela ukuze ucacise ukuxilongwa futhi unikeze ukwelashwa. Uma kubuhlungu obukhulu nokusola ngokwephuka, i-ambulensi kufanele ibizwe ngokushesha.
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Ukwelashwa
Ngokuphuka okuncane kweqakala noma kweqakala (iziqu zokuqala noma zesibili), ibhandeshi eliqinile noma i-kinesio taping ngokuhambisana nokukhawulwa okuyingxenye noma okuphelele komthwalo isonto elilodwa kuya kwamabili kwanele. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, kusetshenziswa ukucindezela okubandayo nama-analgesics ukudambisa izinhlungu nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Bese kusetshenziswa indawo yokulimala izinzwa nokugcoba okuvuvukala.
Ijusi leNise linomphumela omuhle wokubulala izinzwa wendawo.
Ngosuku lwesibili noma lwesithathu, kubekwa izinqubo ze-physiotherapy (i-UHF, i-magnetotherapy, i-laser treatment) kanye nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene zokufudumeza (parafini compresses noma isokerite). Uma kungenzeka ukunyathela ngonyawo, kuvunyelwe ukuqala ukuhamba nokwenza izivivinyo ezilula kakhulu: ukugoqoda izinzwane, ukujika nokujikeleza unyawo.
Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, kungadingeka ukungeniswa esibhedlela nokungenelela kokuhlinzwa, ngemuva kwalokho kwenziwa ukwelashwa okulondolozayo kwesikhathi eside (izinyanga ezingama-2-3) kanti umlenze ongezansi uqondiswa ngosimende kuze kube yilapho imigudu iselapheke ngokuphelele.
Okungafanele ukwenze lapho iqatha seluliwe
Ngaphambi kokuqeda izinhlungu, akufanele ulayishe umlenze wakho, futhi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, ungasebenzisi izithambisi zokufudumeza nokucindezela, ungathathi amanzi okugeza ashisayo futhi ungavakasheli izindawo zokugeza nama-sauna. Ukugwema ukuminyana kanye nokudleka kwemisipha nemisipha ebusuku, kubalulekile ukususa ibhandishi lokucindezela. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu ngenkathi uhamba noma uzivocavoca, susa ngokushesha umthwalo bese uqinisekisa ukuphumula isikhathi eside.
Ukuvuselelwa
Uma ungabuyiseli ngokugcwele ukusebenza kwazo zonke izakhi zomlomo, khona-ke umfutho wejoyinti leqakala ungaba yisithiyo esikhulu endleleni yokuphila esebenzayo nakwezemidlalo. Ngakho-ke, ngokushesha nje emva kobukhulu besifo esibuhlungu, ukukhululeka nokuvuvukala kwemigudu kuye kwakhululeka, ukuvivinya umzimba kanye nokusikhipha umzimba kubekiwe. Esigabeni sokuqala, ijoyini lisimamiswa ngebhandeshi eliqinile noma ngedivayisi ekhethekile yokulungisa. Umthwalo kanye nohlu lokuvivinya umzimba lukhula kancane kancane njengoba imisipha iqinisa futhi nemisipha nemisipha kunwebeka.
Noma yikuphi ukuzivocavoca kuqala ngokufudumala.
Ngokuya ngezinga lomonakalo, ukululama okugcwele kokusebenza kweqakala kuhlala kusuka emavikini amabili kuye ezinyangeni ezine.
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Imithi
Umsebenzi oyinhloko ekwelapheni ukulimala okunjalo ukuqeda izinhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukuqeda ama-hematomas nokubuyisela ubuqotho bezintambo ze-ligament. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kusetshenziswa ngomlomo izinhlungu ezingezona eze-steroidal, izinhlungu zokubulala izinzwa nokufudumala nama-gel. Uma kunezinkinga ngomgudu wamathumbu, imijovo yemisipha inganikezwa. Ukuze uthole ukululama okusheshayo kwemigqa, ukudla okunomsoco nokugcwala komzimba ngama-microelements namavithamini kuyadingeka.
Ungayifaka kanjani kahle imichilo yeqakala
Ngaphambi kokufaka ibhandishi, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi unyawo lumi kuphi. Uma imigqa ilimele:
- I-calcaneofibular, i-anterior ne-posterior talofibular - uhlangothi lwe-plantar luyakhishwa.
- I-Deltoid - uhlangothi lwe-plantar luyiswa ngaphakathi.
- I-Tibiofibular - unyawo luguqulwe kancane.
Umlenze ubhandishwe kusuka engxenyeni encane kuya ebanzi, ngesimo senombolo eyisishiyagalombili: kuqala eqakaleni, bese unyaweni. Isendlalelo ngasinye sinenxeba ngaphandle kwemibimbi namafolda futhi kufanele sidlule esedlule. Kuyadingeka ukulawula izinga lokungezwani ukuze ungagcini imithambo yegazi, ngenkathi ngasikhathi sinye uqinisekisa ukulungiswa okuphephile kwejoyini. Inqubo iphela eqakaleni, nebhandeshi lilungiswe ohlangothini lwayo olungaphandle.
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Ukuvimbela
Ukunciphisa ubungozi bokulimala, unga:
- Ukukhetha ngokucophelela izicathulo ezikulungisa ngokuphepha ukujoyina.
- Ukuqeqeshwa njalo kwemisipha nemisipha yeqakala.
- Ukulawulwa kwemithwalo lapho kwenziwa izivivinyo nokufunda kahle inqubo yokusebenza kwabo.
- Ukugcina ukwakheka okuhle komzimba nokwenza ngcono ukuhlangana kwezimoto.
- Ukujwayelekile kwesisindo.
