Ukulimala kwezemidlalo
1K 0 04/20/2019 (ukubuyekezwa kokugcina: 10/07/2019)
Ukuqhekeka kwe-Cruciate ligament (CS) ukulimala kwamadolo okuvamile phakathi kwabagijimi. Isixha esisodwa semigqa (ukuqhekeka okuyingxenye) noma izinyanda ezimbili (ezigcwele) zingalimala.
Imigqa itholakala ngaphakathi kwesihlanganisi esihlanganayo esihlobene nomunye:
- I-Anterior (ACL) - ihlinzeka ngokuqina kokujikeleza kokujoyina futhi ivimbele ukufuduka okuhamba phambili ngokweqile komlenze ongezansi. Le ligament ibhekene nengcindezi ephezulu futhi ivame ukuhlukumezeka.
- Emuva (i-ZKS) - ivimbela ukubuyela emuva.
Izizathu
Lolu hlobo lokulimala lungokwesigaba sokulimala kwezemidlalo. Ukuqhekeka kokuhlangana kwamadolo kuvamile phakathi kwabantu okuthi, lapho benza imisebenzi yobungcweti, baveze ukuzikhandla okukhulu komzimba.
Ukulimala kwenzeka lapho:
- ukushaywa okunamandla emadolweni ngemuva noma ngaphambili;
- ukufika okungafanele ngemuva kokugxuma kusuka egqumeni;
- ukujika okubukhali kwethanga ngaphandle ngaphandle kokuhamba ngasikhathi sinye komlenze nezinyawo ezingezansi;
- ukushushuluza ekwehleni.
Ngenxa yezici zokwakheka komzimba, ukuhlukumezeka kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane.
Izimbangela zesenzeko | Incazelo |
| Umehluko kusilinganiso sokuncipha kwemisipha yethanga. | Imisipha yenyonga yabesifazane iyashesha ukushesha lapho iguquguquka. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunomthwalo omkhulu ku-ACL, ongadala ukuqhuma kwayo. |
| Amandla ethanga. | Ukuzinza kokulungiswa kwamadolo kuncike emandleni wezinto ezisebenza ngemisipha. Imigqa kwabesifazane ibuthakathaka, ngakho-ke, ingozi yokulimala iphezulu. |
| Ububanzi be-notch ye-intercondylar. | Okuncane kakhulu, kulapho kuthanda ukulimala kakhulu ngesikhathi sokujikeleza komlenze ongezansi ngokunwetshwa ngasikhathi sinye. |
| Isizinda seHormonal. | Ngamazinga aphakeme we-progesterone ne-estrogen, imigqa iba buthakathaka. |
| I-engeli phakathi kwethanga nomlenze ongezansi. | Le nkomba incike kububanzi bekhanda. I-angle enkulu, lapho kuphakama ubungozi bokulimala ku-CS. |
Izimpawu ngokuya ngezinga nohlobo
Ukubonakaliswa komtholampilo kokulimala kuncike ebucayi bokulimala. Kukhona ukubalwa okuthile kobukhulu besimo nge-KJ eqhekekile.
Ubunzima | Izimpawu |
| I - ukuqhekeka okuncane. | Ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala okulingene, ukungahambi kahle kokuhamba, ukugcina ukuzinza kwamadolo. |
| II - izinyembezi kancane. | Ngisho nokulimala okuncane kwanele ukuqinisa isimo. Ukubonakaliswa kufana nokuqhekeka okuncane. |
| III - ukuqhuma okuphelele. | Ifomu elibi lokulimala, elibonakala ngobuhlungu obukhali, ukuvuvukala, ukukhawulwa okuphelele kokunyakaza kwamadolo, ukungazinzi kwamalunga. Umlenze ulahlekelwa umsebenzi wokusekela. |
© Aksana - stock.adobe.com
Umtholampilo wesifo ubuye uncike esikhathini sokulimala.
Izinhlobo zokuhlukana | Isikhathi sokulimala |
| Kusha | Ngezinsuku zokuqala ngemuva kokuhlukumezeka. Izimpawu zinzima. |
| I-Stale | Esikhathini esisukela emavikini amathathu kuya ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5. Kwehluka ekubonakalisweni okususiwe komtholampilo kanye nezimpawu ezincipha kancane. |
| Okudala | Kwenzeka hhayi ngaphambi kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5. Idolo alizinzile, ukusebenza kwalo kulahleke ngokuphelele. |
Insiza yezimo eziphuthumayo
Ukulondolozwa kokusebenza komlenze olimele esikhathini esizayo kuncike ebunzimeni nasekufundeni kosizo lokuqala. Njengokwelapha kokuqala, izinyathelo ezilandelayo kufanele zithathwe ngaphambi kokuba i-ambulensi ifike:
- nikeza isitho esigulayo ngokunganyakazi bese usibeka egqumeni;
- lungisa idolo nge-bandage noma i-orthosis enwebekayo;
- faka amakhaza;
- sebenzisa imithi yezinhlungu.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuqashelwa kwe-pathology nokuzimisela kohlobo lwayo nobukhali kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesisulu.
Okokuqala, ukuhlolwa okubukwayo kukadokotela nokushaya ngamandla kwendawo eyonakele kwenziwa. Kufundwa i-Anamnesis nezikhalazo zesiguli. Ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi i-ligament ephukile, kungenzeka ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe "drawer".
Uma, ngokuhlangana kwedolo eligobile, umlenze ongezansi uhamba phambili ngokukhululekile, kusho ukuthi isisulu sine-ACL eqhekekile, emuva - iZKS. Uma umonakalo usumdala noma umdala, umphumela wokuhlolwa kungenzeka ungacaci.
Isimo semigqa ye-lateral sinqunywa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okungenhla ngomlenze oqondile. Ukungazinzi kwePatellar kukhombisa ukukhula kwe-hemarthrosis.
© joshya - stock.adobe.com
© joshya - stock.adobe.com
Ukwelashwa
Amaqhinga okwelapha okwephuka kokuhlangana kwamadolo ancishiselwa ekusetshenzisweni kokwelapha okulondolozayo. Uma kungekho mphumela oyifunayo wokwelashwa, umbuzo wokungenelela kokuhlinzwa uxazululwa.
Ingxenye yokuqala yokwelashwa ihlose ukuqeda izinhlungu nokuqeda ukuvuvukala. Kuqukethe ukusetshenziswa kwezingcindezi ezibandayo, ukubhoboza i-hemarthrosis kanye nokuqina kwamadolo ngokuhlanganyela usebenzisa i-orthosis, splint noma ukhonkolo. Ukusimamisa idolo kuvimbela ukulimala ekukhuleni. Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela unikeza isiguli inkambo yamaviki onke yama-NSAID nama-analgesics.
© WavebreakmediaMicro - stock.adobe.com
Esigabeni sesibili sokwelapha, inyanga ngemuva kokulimala, ukhonkolo we-plaster noma i-orthosis iyasuswa futhi idolo libuyiselwe ekusebenzeni kwalo. Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwayo, udokotela uhlola isimo sejoyinti futhi anqume ngesidingo sokungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
Uma kungekho mphumela wokwelashwa okulondolozayo, kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa. Kunqunywe ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5 ukugwema izinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Ukuziphatha okuphuthumayo kuyalulekwa:
- ngokulimala okuhlangene okuhlangene noma ukulimala kocezu lwethambo;
- abasubathi ukuthola ukululama okusheshayo nokubuyela emidlalweni yezobuchwepheshe.
Ukuqhekeka kokuhlangana kwamadolo kuyelashwa ngokuhlinzwa kabusha kwepulasitiki:
- ukwakhiwa kabusha kwe-ligament ye-arthroscopic;
- ukusebenzisa ama-autografts;
- ngokuthungwa kwama-allografts.
Ukuvuselelwa
Ukubuyiselwa emuva kokwelashwa kokulimala kwe-CS kunezinhlobo ezimbili:
- ukuvuselelwa kwangemva kokuhlinzwa;
- izinyathelo ngemuva kokwelashwa okulondoloziwe.
Ngemuva kokungenelela kokuhlinzwa, isiguli siyaphikiswa ukulayisha umlenze othintekile. Ukunyakaza kwenziwa ngezinduku. Ngemuva kwenyanga, ukusebenza kokuvivinya umzimba, ukuzivocavoca okunamandla nokuma okuqinile kuma-simulators ngaphansi kokuholwa kwe-rehabilitologist enolwazi kunqunyiwe.
Ukuhlikihla okwenziwa ngesandla nangaphansi kwamanzi kusheshisa ukukhishwa kwe-lymphatic fluid nokubuyiselwa kokuhamba ngokuhlanganyela.
Izinqubo ze-Physiotherapy ziyasetshenziswa.
Kunconywa ukuvakashela echibini.
© i-verve - stock.adobe.com. I-Laser physiotherapy
Ukululama ngemuva kokwelashwa okulondolozayo kaningi akudluli izinyanga ezimbili. Kulokhu, izindlela zokuvuselela zihlose ukuqeda izinhlungu, i-edema nokuthuthukisa amandla emoto nokuhamba kwamadolo ngokuhlanganyela.
Ukuvimbela
Ukugwema ukulimala kwe-COP, kufanele uthathe isimo sengqondo esifanele ngempilo yakho. Izinyathelo zokuphepha kufanele zibonwe ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo naphakathi nomsebenzi.
