I-Taurine isuselwa ku-amino acid cysteine. Ngamanani amancane, le nto ikhona ezicutshini ezahlukahlukene, ukugxila okuphezulu kakhulu kuyabonakala ku-myocardium nemisipha yamathambo, kanye ne-bile.
Imvamisa, i-taurine itholakala emzimbeni ifomu lamahhala: ayakhi izibopho namanye ama-amino acid, ayihlanganyeli ekwakhiweni kwama-molecule wamaprotheni. Le nhlanganisela isetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, ezemidlalo okunomsoco, iziphuzo zamandla.
Incazelo
I-sulphonic acid taurine yahlukaniswa ososayensi ababili baseJalimane abaphuma enkomeni yezinkomo emuva ngo-1827. Lathola igama lalo lisuselwa egameni lesiLatini elithi "Taurus", elisho ukuthi "inkunzi".
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-taurine njengomuthi, kanye nengxenye yezithako zemidlalo neziphuzo zamandla, kwaqala kungekudala.
Njengamanye ama-amino acid, i-taurine ibalulekile futhi iyabandakanyeka ezinhlelweni eziningi zamakhemikhali. Umzimba ungawuthola ngokudla noma izithasiselo ezikhethekile, ivolumu yokuhlanganiswa kwayo kwama-amino acid kukhawulelwe kakhulu.
Ukuxhumeka kwenza imisebenzi elandelayo:
- kusiza ekunciphiseni nasekuqedeni izinhlanganisela ezinobuthi;
- unomphumela we-cardiotropic;
- iqhaza umzimba umzimba amaprotheni, amafutha kanye carbohydrate;
- kuqinisa ulwelwesi lweseli;
- isebenza njenge-neurotransmitter evimbela ukudluliswa kwe-synaptic (umsebenzi kagesi kuma-synapses, obangelwa ukusabalala kwemizwa yezinzwa);
- ithonya i-homeostasis yama-electrolyte namanzi, elawula ukucindezelwa kwegazi;
- kuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwezinqubo zamandla;
- isheshisa ukuvuselelwa kwezicubu, ivuselele ukuphulukiswa kwezicubu ezilimele;
- isebenza njenge-antioxidant;
- ikhuthaza ukuhlakazeka kwamafutha emathunjini;
- amafomu ahlanganiswa ne-bile acid, iyingxenye ebalulekile yenyongo.
Ukuntuleka kwalesi sakhi kuholela emiphumeleni emibi, ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezimbi.
Ukushoda kwe-amino acid kubonakala ngezinguquko ezilandelayo:
- kunciphise ukuzivikela komzimba jikelele;
- ukwehla ku-acuity ebonakalayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo eziwohlokayo ku-retina;
- ukuthuthukiswa kokungajwayelekile kwe-calcium metabolism, okuholela emiphumeleni ehlukahlukene emibi, ikakhulukazi, izinga lokunqanda igazi liyakhula;
- ukwanda komfutho wegazi;
- izimo ezicindezelayo nezicindezelayo, ukukhathazeka okwandisiwe, ukukhathazeka.
I-Taurine itholakala cishe kukho konke ukudla kwezilwane. Izitshalo aziqukethe le-amino acid.
Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwalesi sakhi kusezinkukhu nasezinhlanzini ezimhlophe; kubuya nakwingulube, inyama yenkomo nemikhiqizo yobisi.
Ngenxa yokuthi ngokudla okunengqondo, umuntu angathola inani elanele lama-amino acid, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, lihlanganiswa nomzimba, ukuntuleka kwe-taurine kuyinto engavamile kakhulu. Esikhathini esiningi itholwa ngabantu abadla inyama, ngoba le nhlanganisela ayiqhamuki ekudleni kwezitshalo.
Umthelela emzimbeni womsubathi
I-Taurine inconyelwa abasubathi abanemithwalo yamandla ebucayi (abakhi bomzimba, abaphambanisa).
Izinzuzo zale-amino acid yale miphumela elandelayo:
- ukusebenza kahle okwandisiwe, ukuqedwa okusheshayo kwemikhiqizo ye-metabolic (i-lactic acid), edala ukungakhululeki emisipheni nomuzwa wokukhathala;
- ukushesha kokululama ngemuva kokuzivocavoca okukhulu;
- ukwandisa ukuthuthwa kwe-glucose emisipha ukugcina ithoni nokukhula kwawo;
- ukucindezelwa kokucindezela kwemisipha ngokuqina okukhulu, ukuphakamisa izinsimbi ezinkulu;
- ukwandisa izinga lokululama ngemuva kokulimala kanye nokungenelela kokuhlinzwa;
- ukuvikela ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana akha imicu yemisipha ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa okunamandla;
- ukusheshisa kokushisa kwamafutha.
Isicelo ekwakheni umzimba
Cabanga ngemiphumela ye-taurine ekwakheni umzimba. Le nhlanganisela ibamba iqhaza kwinqubo ye-osmoregulation, okungukuthi, kusethi yezinqubo ezihlose ukugcina ingcindezi ezinzile yoketshezi.
I-Taurine ibhekwa njenge-amino acid egcina amanzi ezakhiweni zamaselula, igcina ukuhlushwa kwayo okujwayelekile. Le mpahla yento yaziwa ngokombono, kunobufakazi obuncane bokuqina kuze kube manje.
I-Taurine yandisa amandla okugxila, ithuthukise ukukhuthazela, ngakho-ke ithathwa ngaphambi kokuqeqeshwa noma ngaphambi kwemincintiswano ebalulekile. Ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza, khulisa inani lezindlela futhi wandise ukusebenza kwemithwalo, izengezo ngale-amino acid ziyaphuzwa ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa. Ukuthatha ukuzivocavoca umzimba kusiza ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-syndrome ye-overtraining, kusheshisa ukululama futhi kunciphise ukukhathala ngemuva kokuzikhandla okukhulu.
I-Taurine kuziphuzo zamandla
I-Taurine itholakala eziphuzweni eziningi zamandla, imvamisa ihambisana ne-caffeine, ushukela, nezinye izikhuthazi. Okuqukethwe kwe-amino acid cishe kungama-200-400 ml nge-100 ml yesiphuzo. Leli nani alonelanga ukuthi umzimba uhlangabezane nomphumela ovuselelayo wokukhuthaza.
I-Taurine phambilini bekucatshangwa ukuthi ithuthukisa imiphumela yezinye izakhi kuziphuzo zamandla ngomphumela wokusebenzisana. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ngobuningi obuqukethwe kuziphuzo zamandla, le nhlanganisela ayinayo imiphumela ekhuthazayo emzimbeni, ayithuthukisi umphumela we-caffeine, kepha futhi ayinayo imiphumela emibi. Imininingwane evela kulesi silingo ingabukwa kusixhumanisi (ngesiNgisi).
Izinkomba nokuphikisana
Izinkomba zokuthatha izidakamizwa nezengezo zokudla ngale-amino acid yilezi:
- ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo eziwohloza ku-retina;
- ngamehlo;
- ukuhlukumezeka, izinqubo eziwohloza ku-cornea;
- i-glaucoma evulekile;
- ukusebenza okunganele kohlelo lwe-cardiovascular;
- thayipha 2 sikashukela mellitus;
- umsebenzi omkhulu womzimba.
Ukuthatha izidakamizwa nezengezo zemidlalo eziqukethe i-taurine kuyaphikiswa ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- ukutholakala kwe-hypersensitivity kuzinto ezisebenzayo zomuthi;
- i-peptic ulcer yomgudu wokugaya ukudla;
- izifo ezingapheli zesisu ezihambisana nokungalingani kwe-asidi;
- i-hypotension;
- izifo ezimbi, ukusebenza kwenhliziyo okunganele;
- isifo sezinso;
- isifo se-gallstone nezinye izifo ezihambisana ne-cholestasis.
Abesifazane abakhulelwe nabancelisayo, izingane kanye nentsha engaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 akufanele bathathe imikhiqizo equkethe i-taurine ngaphandle uma kuchazwe ngudokotela.
Ukuthatha i-taurine kungahambisana nokuthuthukiswa kokungahambisani kahle kwecala. Ukungezwani komzimba (ukulunywa, ukuqubuka), i-hypoglycemia, ukubhebhetheka kwezifo ezingapheli zamathumbu kungenzeka. Lapho isetshenziswa kanye neziphuzo ezidakayo, umphumela we-amino acid ungathuthukiswa kakhulu, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwesistimu yezinzwa.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izithasiselo zemidlalo noma imishanguzo equkethe i-taurine, kunconywa ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wakho ukuthola ukuphikisana okungenzeka. Lapho uthatha, kufanele ulandele ngokuqinile imiyalo yomkhiqizo, gcina imithamo enconyiwe.
