Ukugijima ibanga elide kuvamise ukuphenduka kungabi ukukhathala komzimba okunamandla kuphela, kepha futhi kube isicanucanu nesiyezi.
Izimpawu ezingathandeki ikakhulukazi zivela kulabo abasubathi abaphuza ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqeqeshwa nangamanani amaningi. Kanye nezithukuthuku, umzimba ulahlekelwa uketshezi, kanye nosawoti ngawo. Ukulahleka kwe-sodium kuyingozi ikakhulukazi, ngaphandle kwayo, ingcindezi kumaseli iyashintsha, umphumela ungaba yi-edema yobuchopho ngenxa yokungena kwamanzi kuyo.
Kuyini i-hyponatremia?
Ama-sodium ion egazini maningi kakhulu uma eqhathaniswa nezinye izinto. Ukungalingani kwabo kuthinta ulwelwesi lweseli nomfutho wegazi. Okuqukethwe kwe-sodium okungu-150 mmol ngelitha ngalinye le-plasma yegazi kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile. Ukuphuza ngokweqile uketshezi noma ukoma emzimbeni ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene kuholela ekwehleni kwe-sodium. Isimo lapho ukuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali kungaphansi kwama-135 mmol ngelitha ngalinye kubhekwa njengengozi.
Ngeke ukwazi ukuthola kabusha ngamanzi okuphuza, kubalulekile ukunikeza umzimba isisombululo sikasawoti. Amanzi amaminerali neziphuzo ezahlukahlukene zemidlalo zingadlala indima yazo. Ingozi enkulu yalesi sifo ilele emandleni ayo okususa ukuvuvukala kwamaseli ngenxa yokungena kwamanzi kuwo.
Ubuchopho busengozini enkulu kakhulu. Ukuvuvukala kwayo kuholela ezimpawu eziyingozi futhi kungabulala.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-hyponatremia kulabo abagijimayo
Ukugijima kwenza izinqubo ze-metabolic zisheshe, futhi izinga lokushisa lomzimba liyakhuphuka. Umphumela uba wukujuluka okwengeziwe nomuzwa wokoma.
Futhi lapha umgijimi kunezingozi ezimbili ngasikhathi sinye:
- Ukulahleka koketshezi olubalulekile nakho kuholela ekwehliseni amazinga e-plasma sodium.
- Ukwehluleka noma ukungafuni ukuzincisha ukusetshenziswa ketshezi ngenkathi ugijima kuphenduka okweqile kwalo, nakho okungaphazamisa ibhalansi yezakhi zamakhemikhali.
- Hlanganisa amanzi ngokushesha ngemuva komjaho. Izimo ezinjalo zibizwa nangokuthi ubuthi bamanzi.
Izimpawu ze-hyponatremia
Ukuvuvukala kwamaseli kukhipha lesi sifo kuphela uma kuthinta ubuchopho. Ukwanda kwengcindezi yokungasebenzi kuyimpoqo.
I-edema yeCerebral ihambisana nalokhu:
- Ukubonakala kokuquleka noma ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha,
- Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka,
- Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza,
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda
- Ukuvela kokudideka kokwazi, ukuqhakaza kwalo, ukuquleka kungenzeka.
Okubalulekile! Ukwazi okufiphele noma isimo sengqondo esicacile esiguquliwe kudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Izimo ezibulalayo ze-hyponatremia kubasubathi ngemuva kokuqeqeshwa okunzima ziya ngokuya ziba njalo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-hyponatremia
- Ukuze unqume ukugula, kubalulekile ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo ukugxila kwe-sodium kuzo.
- Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa lesi sifo ne-pseudohyponatremia. Okokugcina kuvela ngenxa yenani lamaprotheni, i-glucose noma i-triglycerides egazini elimisiwe. Isigaba samanzi se-plasma silahlekelwa ukugxila kwaso okunempilo, kepha sihlala ebangeni elijwayelekile ngokuya nge-plasma ephelele.
Kungani abagijimi besengozini?
Ukugijima kudinga umzamo omkhulu kumuntu, ukukhuthazela, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hyponatremia kubagijimi kusuka kwesinye sezimbangela ezintathu ezingaba khona:
- Umsubathi ongaqeqeshiwe ochitha ngaphezulu kwamahora ama-4 ebangeni uphuza uketshezi olweqa ukulahleka komzimba ngenxa yokujuluka.
- Abagijimi bamabanga amade abangochwepheshe basemaphethelweni okuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Ukubalwa okungalungile kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwesisindo kuze kufike ku-6%, okuzodala uhlelo lokugcina uketshezi lwezinso.
- Ukushoda kweglucose nokuntuleka kwenani lamanzi adingekayo ngenkathi umboza ibanga.
Ungazivikela kanjani?
- Ukuhambisana nombuso wokusetshenziswa kwamanzi. Kunconywa ukuphuza kakhulu njengoba ufuna ihora ngaphambi kokuqeqeshwa. Imizuzu engama-20 kuya kwengama-30 ngaphambi kokuthi ikhawulelwe engilazini eyodwa yamanzi. Ukuba khona koketshezi kuzosiza ukugwema ukushisa umzimba, kungakuvumeli ukuthi uthathe ngokushesha ngokushesha okungabekezeleleki.
- Gcina imithetho yokudla. Ukudla komsubathi kufanele kulinganiswe. Ngemuva kokuqeqeshwa, lapho indlala iba nzima futhi yehlukile, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe izithelo noma imifino enamanzi, njengekhabe noma utamatisi.
Ukwelashwa kwe-hyponatremia
Ukuphela kwendlela yokususa i-pathology ukubuyisa ibhalansi yasawoti wamanzi emzimbeni. Okuphumelela kakhulu kube imijovo efakwa emithanjeni yezidakamizwa ezihambisanayo.
Uma isimo sesiguli singabucayi, khona-ke ukwelashwa kungathamba futhi ngasikhathi sinye kubuyiselwe kancane kancane ibhalansi njengomphumela wokushintsha kokudla nokudla, ukudla oketshezi.
Yini okufanele ihlolwe?
Isiguli sihlolelwa ukoma emzimbeni noma ukutholakala kwesifo sokugcina uketshezi emzimbeni, i-osmolarity kanye nokuhlushwa ngokushesha kwe-sodium kuketshezi kuyahlolwa. Ngokuthuthuka okungazelelwe kwe-hyponatremia, kuyadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe izifundo zesimo sobuchopho, hlola ingcindezi engasebenzi.
Yikuphi ukuhlolwa okudingekayo?
Izinhlobo ezintathu zokuhlaziya zenziwa:
- Igazi nomchamo kuhlolwe i-sodium. Lapho kukhona i-pathology, ukugxila emchameni kuzohlala kububanzi obujwayelekile noma kukhushulwe, kanti igazi lizobika ngokushoda okusobala kwento yamakhemikhali.
- Umchamo uhlolwe i-osmolarity.
- Ukuhlola i-glucose yegazi namaprotheni.
Bobabili abasubathi abanolwazi nabaqalayo abavikelekile ekuthuthukiseni i-hyponatremia. Abanye bazama ukunciphisa uketshezi oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi umzimba uyakwazi ukubhekana nebanga elingaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayi-100. Umphumela uvame ukushisa ngokweqile komzimba nokuncipha kwesisindo okuyinhlekelele.
Ezinye zihamba kancane, zisetendeni lokunyathela isikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi umsebenzi owenziwayo wedlula amakhono azo angempela. Ngenxa yalokhu, baphuza uketshezi oluningi, bezama ukunciphisa isimo sabo, ngaleyo ndlela basishaye ngokubonakalayo.
