Izimpawu nokwelashwa kwe-hernia yomgogodla wesibeletho

IHernia yomgogodla wesibeletho yisifo somsebenzi sabasubathi nabantu umsebenzi wabo ohlobene nokuphakamisa isisindo nokudlidliza. Ngalesi sifo, indandatho enemicu yediski ye-intervertebral, etholakala emgogodleni womlomo wesibeletho, iyaqhuma, ngenxa yalokho ilahlekelwa amandla okumunca.

Izici:

Intamo yingxenye engenhla yekholomu yomgogodla, ebonakala ngokuhamba okuphezulu, okuvumela ukunyakaza kwekhanda okukhululekile nokuhlukahlukene. Iqukethe ama-vertebrae ayi-7 anezinqubo eziguqukayo, ngapha nangapha okuyimithambo yegazi nezinzwa zomgogodla. Ama-vertebrae amabili aphezulu entanyeni ahlukile kwabanye ngesakhiwo se-anatomical. Baxhuma umgogodla nogebhezi. Phakathi kwama-vertebrae aseduze abhanqiwe, kukhona ama-disc intervertebral, aqukethe i-annulus fibrosus kanye ne-nucleus pulposus pulposus.

I-hernia yakhiwa ikakhulu phakathi kwama-disc ama-5 no-6, kanye nama-vertebrae wesibeletho ayi-6 no-7. Kaningi kakhulu, lesi sifo sithinta isikhala esiphakathi komgogodla wesine nowesihlanu entanyeni. Cishe akukaze kwenzeke, i-pathology ivela phakathi komlomo wesibeletho womlomo wesibeletho kanye ne-1 thoracic vertebrae.

Ukwenzeka kwe-prolapse kubangela ukugqashuka kwezindandatho kanye ne-disc protrusion. Ukucindezelwa kwezimpande zomgogodla kuboniswa yisifo esibuhlungu sezinhlungu. Ngenxa yendawo eseduze kwemithambo yesigaba somgogodla, i-hernia ingadala ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi kanye nama-vascular pathologies.

Usayizi we-vertebrae yentamo mncane kakhulu kunalokho kwe-thoracic ne-dorsal. Kodwa-ke, izici zokwakheka kwale ndawo zikhona ukuthi ngisho nokuvelela okuncane kakhulu kungasusa ukuvela kwe-hernia.

Izinhlobo nezigaba

Ama-discs angaba sesimweni se-pre-hernia noma i-prolapse yangempela. Kunezigaba eziningana zesifo, ngasinye sinezici zesici:

• owokuqala - i-disc ye-intervertebral iqinile, ubukhulu be-protrusion abudluli ku-0.2 cm;
• owesibili - kukhona ukulimala kwe-annulus fibrosus, izinga lokuqhamuka lidlula u-0.2 cm futhi lingafinyelela ku-0.4 cm;
• okwesithathu - kukhona ukugqashuka kwendandatho nokuhamba okuqinile kwediski kuze kufike ku-0.6 cm;
• okwesine izinga elibucayi lomonakalo elisongela ukwakhiwa kokubuyiselwa komhlaba. Ubukhulu bokuqhuma kulesi sigaba bufinyelela ku-0.8 cm.

Ukuthungathwa kwemali kuyindlela eyinkimbinkimbi ye-hernia, equkethe ukuhlukaniswa kokugcina kwengcezu ekhubazekile ye-cartilage kusuka ku-disc nokuyifaka esikhaleni somgogodla.

Ingozi yalesi simo ilele ethubeni lokuthi kuthuthukiswe ngokushesha ukulimala okungathi sína emaphethelweni ezinzwa zemvelo engalungiseki nokufa kwabo. Kukhona ingozi enkulu yokukhubazeka kwesiqu esingaphansi kwendawo ethintekile, i-paresis engaphelele noma ephelele yezandla, ukungasebenzi kahle kohlelo lokuzala kanye nezitho zomzimba zesisu.

Izizathu

Umuntu ophilile akabutholi ubunzima kanye nobuhlungu lapho eguqa futhi ejika intamo. Izinqubo ezenzakalayo zinciphisa amazinga wokudla okunempilo kanye ne-disc amortization.

Izizathu zokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo yilezi:

• ukulimala komgogodla;
• i-hypodynamia;
• Ukuma okungafanele;
• i-osteochondrosis.

Abantu abanezici zofuzo ku-hernia bangaphansi kokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezinguquko ze-pathological. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda kwesilinganiso sezinqubo zokonakala kuthonywa izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala, ukuba khona kwezinye iziphambeko zokuzalwa kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezingezinhle.

Izimpawu

I-acute pain syndrome emajoyintini ehlombe, ekhanyisa ekhanda nasentanyeni, isimo sokuba ndikindiki nokuhamba okulinganiselwe kwemilenze yizimpawu eziyinhloko ezivumela ukuxilonga i-hernia yomgogodla wesibeletho. Ukugoba intamo kwandisa ubuhlungu. Ukuba khona kwalesi sifo kungabangela ubuchopho be-hypoxia.

Nge-hernia, izimpawu ezilandelayo ziyisici:

• isizungu;
• ukwephulwa kokuhamba nokuxhumanisa ukunyakaza;
• ukwehla kwengcindezi yegazi;
• ukuquleka kwesikhashana;
• mnyama ngokungazelelwe emehlweni.

I-Pathology inesithombe somtholampilo esiguquguqukayo, kuya ngendawo yesilonda.

Ukuxilongwa

Ukuba khona kwalezi zimpawu ezingenhla kuyisizathu sokuvakashela isazi sezinzwa. Uchwepheshe uzokwenza ucwaningo lwezimo nokuzwela ezingxenyeni nasemahlombe aphezulu, athole ukwenziwa kwezifo kwasendaweni futhi anikeze ukuxilongwa okuphelele.

Kunezindlela eziningi zokuthola ukutholakala kwe-hernia:

• i-rayography;
• CT;
• I-MRI;
• uzobese.

Ukuskena kwe-MRI komgogodla wesibeletho. © Maxim Pavlov - isitokwe.adobe.com

Ukwelashwa

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa ngokuphelele kwesiguli, udokotela we-neuropathologist ukhetha umuthi wokwelashwa ofanele kuye. Kumele anqume ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukusebenzisa izindlela ezingezona zokuhlinza zokwelapha i-herniated disc disc noma ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-neurosurgeon kuyadingeka yini.

Uma kungekho ukwephulwa okusobala kokusakazwa kobuchopho, asikho isidingo sokungenelela kokuhlinzwa.

Uma ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kungasebenzi kumuntu ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma isimo sesiguli siba sibi, umkhandlu wezinhlinzeko zezinzwa unquma ngokuhlinzwa.

Ukwelashwa okulondolozayo kususelwa ezimisweni:

• ukwenza ngcono ukondleka kwe-annulus fibrosus yediski elimele;
• ukukhululeka kwemisipha yentamo;
• ukuqinisa ivolumu yemisipha yomlomo wesibeletho ukulungisa intamo;
• ukususa izinhlungu ezingavumeli ukuthi ama-vertebrae abe sesimweni esijwayelekile.

Izinhlobo zamanje zokwelashwa kwalesi sifo zizoxoxwa ngezansi.

Imodi

Phakathi nesonto lokuqala, isiguli kufanele sisebenzise ikhola ye-Shants noma amanye ama-orthoses we-fixation, noma sihlale embhedeni. Lokhu kuvumela i-disc enesifo ukuthi ilulame futhi ingene ku-nucleus pulposus.

Ikhola le-Shants. © mulderphoto - stock.adobe.com

Ukususwa kwedivayisi kuvunyelwe ngemuva kokuphela kobuhlungu obusezingalweni nasemahlombe. Ekuqaleni, isamba sisuswa ngesikhathi sokulala, bese - ngokuthatha izinqubo zokuhlanzeka. Lapho isimo sesiguli sithuthuka futhi kungekho zinhlungu, ukhololo uyasuswa usuku lonke. Awukwazi ukusonta ikhanda lakho noma welule intamo yakho.

Kunconywa ukugeza sonke isikhathi sokwelashwa, ngoba endlini yokugezela umuntu usesimweni esingeyona eyomzimba entanyeni.

Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa

Ukwelashwa kwe-Neck hernia kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zidakamizwa:

• Ukulwa nokuvuvukala. Yakhelwe ukuqeda ukuzwa okubuhlungu. Okokuqala, zinqunywa ngendlela yokujova, esigabeni sesibili sokwelapha, zingathathwa ngendlela yethebhulethi.
• Ukuphumula kwemisipha. Zisetshenziselwa ukukhulula i-spasm nokuphumuza imisipha yamathambo. Ekuqaleni, kunqunywa imijovo yemisipha, bese kuba amaphilisi.
• Ama-chondroprotectors. Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwe-annulus fibrosus kuqaliwe. Ifake isicelo okungenani izinyanga eziyi-6. Lapho kukhona ubuthakathaka obukhulu, ukuzwa okuvuthayo noma ukuba ndikindiki esandleni, kungenzeka ukuvimba ingxenye ethintekile yesifunda se-vertebral ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela ye-novocaine ne-glucocorticoids. Imvamisa yokusetshenziswa kwale mithi akufanele yeqe izikhathi ezi-4 kungakapheli izinyanga ezimbili.

Izindlela ze-Physiotherapy

I-Physiotherapy isetshenziswa ngemuva kokukhishwa kwesigaba esibuhlungu sesifo nasekuqedeni izinhlungu. Kusetshenziswa izindlela ezilandelayo:

• ukwelashwa kwe-diadynamic;
• Izicelo zikapharafini;
• i-electrophoresis ene-novocaine;
• ukwelashwa ngemagnet;
• izicelo ze-ozokerite endaweni ebuhlungu.

Ukubhucungwa

Inqubo kufanele yenziwe ngokucophelela okukhulu ngumuntu ofanelekayo. Umsebenzi we-masseur ukukhulula i-spasm nokujwayeza ithoni yemisipha. Into esemqoka hhayi ukucindezela ukucinana kwemithambo ye-vertebral noma umgogodla.

© WavebreakmediaMicro - stock.adobe.com

Ukwelashwa okwenziwa ngesandla

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nenqubo, i-chiropractor kufanele ijwayelane ne-MRI noma i-CT scan yesiguli. Imiphumela yocwaningo enikeziwe ivumela uchwepheshe ukuthi azulazule lapho imizamo yakhe kufanele iqondiswe khona ukubuyisa umgogodla.

I-Physiotherapy

Uhlobo lokwelashwa kokuvivinya kwentamo lukhethwa ngokuya ngesikhathi sesifo. Izindlela eziphumelelayo zokuzivocavoca zenziwa odokotela uBubnovsky noDikul. Ngesikhathi sesigaba esibucayi, kuvunyelwe kuphela ukuvivinya umzimba okuphefumula okunesikhundla se-supine.

Ekupheleni kwesonto lokuqala, kufanele kugxilwe ekuqiniseni imisipha yezitho ezingaphezulu:

• ukujikeleza okuyindilinga ngamabhulashi;

• ukujikeleza okuyindilinga emajoyini endololwane, ukujiya kwawo nokunwebeka.

• ukugoqa nokungahlukaniswa kwezibhakela.

Ngemuva kwamanye amasonto amabili, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izivivinyo zentamo ezisiza ukuqinisa i-corset yemisipha:

• Ulele emhlane wakho, sebenzisa ingcindezi ngokunye ngemuva kwekhanda lakho kusofa nebunzi lakho entendeni yomsizi.
• Ulele esiswini sakho, cindezela kuqala ngebunzi lakho kusofa, bese ngemuva kwekhanda lakho entendeni yesandla sikadokotela.
• Ukusuka endaweni yokuhlala, enye ingcindezi engalweni nebunzi nangemuva kwekhanda. Okufanayo kungenziwa kusuka endaweni yokuma.

• Lapho imile, amahlombe ayaphakanyiswa futhi ehlisiwe. Ungenza okufanayo ngenkathi uhleli esihlalweni izintende zakho zisetafuleni.

• Isikhundla sokuqala sihleli esihlalweni, izandla emadolweni. Ukuphenduka kwekhanda ngobumnene kwesobunxele nakwesokudla ngokulibaziseka kwemizuzwana emi-5. (Izikhathi eziyi-10 uhlangothi ngalunye).

Iqoqo lokuzivocavoca okune:

1. Ukuma, emuva ngqo, izingalo zomzimba. Bhekisa ikhanda kancane ngobumnene ngokuphefumulela phezulu bese uthambekisela ikhanda phansi nesilevu ulibhekise esifubeni ukhipha umoya (amahlandla ayi-10).
2. Indawo efanayo yokuqala. Ukunyakaza kwekhanda okuyindilinga kuzindlela zombili (izikhathi eziyi-10).
3. Inhloko itshekela kwesobunxele (amahlandla ayi-10).
4. Ukunyakaza okufanayo kuya kwesokudla (izikhathi eziyi-10).

Okunye ukuzivocavoca:

• Ukudonswa njalo kubha evundlile. Kufanele uqale ngezikhathi ezi-5 ngomzuzu, ukhuphule kancane inani libe ngu-10.

• Ama-push-up avela phansi (amahlandla ama-6).

Ukuzivocavoca nge-disc ye-herniated kufanele kwenziwe ekuseni.

Ngemuva kokuzivocavoca umzimba, kungcono ukungaphumi ngaphandle. Lokhu kuzogwema i-hypothermia, eyingozi emgogodleni. Isikhathi sokuvuselelwa sinqunywa udokotela futhi kuncike ekusebenzeni kokwelashwa. Uma uhlangabezana nokungaphatheki kahle nobuhlungu, kufanele uyeke ukujima.

I-Hirudotherapy

Indlela yokwelashwa esuselwa kuzici zokuphulukisa zezingwe ezelaphayo. Amathe abo anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-hirudin. Ithuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi endaweni ye-vertebra yomlomo wesibeletho eyonakele futhi ivimbele amahlule egazi. Ngesikhathi sokuluma, izingulube zimunca kuze kufike ku-15 ml wegazi. Kulokhu, i-peptidase, i-hirustazine ne-collagenase ingena emzimbeni womuntu.

© 2707195204 - stock.adobe.com

Ukwelashwa okuphefumulayo

Le ndlela ijwayelekile kwabaningi ngaphansi kwegama le-cupping massage. Inezinhlobo ezimbili:

• Iqinile. Amabhange abekwa eceleni komgogodla imizuzu eyi-15-20.
• Okunamandla. Udokotela uhambisa iziqukathi ngemuva kwesiguli, ngaphambili ebegcotshwe ngokhilimu noma uwoyela.

Inqubo ivuselela izinqubo ze-metabolic, ithuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi iqede ukuminyana.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Plasma

Inqubo yokwelapha evuselelekayo esuselwa ku-plasma yegazi lesiguli. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokulungiselela, ama-polypeptides afana ne-hormone akhishwa kuma-platelets, angasheshisa inqubo yokulungiswa kwezicubu.

Igazi lidonswa ekuqaleni. Ishubhu yokuhlola enoketshezi olutholwayo lwebhayoloji lufakwa kwisentrifuge yokukhiqiza i-plasma. Umkhiqizo ophelile ufakwa engxenyeni ethintekile yomgogodla ngomjovo.

Izindlela zokwelashwa ezingeziwe

Ngaphezu kwezindlela ezisohlwini zokwelashwa, i-acupuncture kanye nendlela yokuphumula ngemuva kwe-isometric nayo iyasetshenziswa - lokhu kungukuzivocavoca okukhethekile okwenziwa ngokuhlangana nochwepheshe wezokwelapha.

Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa

Ukungenelela kokuhlinza kuhlelelwe lokhu:

• ukutholakala kwezimpawu zokuhamba kobuchopho okungakhubazekile: isiyezi, ikhanda, ukuncipha komuzwa, ukuzwa nokubona;
• ukungabi nomphumela kusuka ezindleleni zokwelashwa ezilandelanayo;
• ukuhlonza ama-sequesters amakhulu emgodini womgogodla.

Kunezindlela ezintathu zokususa i-hernia:

• I-Anterior discectomy ne-osteosynthesis. Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza imbobo phambi kwentamo, cishe ubude obungu-3 cm.Ngemva kokususa ingxenye eyonakele yediski, ama-vertebrae ahlanganiswa ndawonye noma ngaphandle kokuxhunyelelwa kwethambo.
• I-discectomy yangemuva. Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza imbobo ngemuva kwentamo. Ngosizo lwe-tampon ye-gauze eboshwe ngocwecwe, udokotela uphonsa imisipha eceleni bese eveza izicubu zethambo zenqubo ye-vertebral. Ingxenye yethambo iyasuswa ukuvumela ukufinyelela kwi-disc nokubuyiswa kwe-hernia. Ekupheleni kokuhlinzwa, izimpande zezinzwa azisabambeki.
• I-discectomy ye-Microendoscopic. Lokhu kungukusebenza okuhlasela kancane. Ukufinyelela endaweni eyonakele yomgogodla kwenziwa kusuka ngemuva kwentamo. Zonke izindlela zokwelapha zenziwa ngezinsimbi ezincane. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-endoscopic.

Izinkinga

Ukuxilongwa emuva kwesikhathi kwalesi sifo kungaphazamisa impilo futhi kuvuse nemiphumela elandelayo:

• i-scoliosis;
• ukwephulwa noma ukuyeka ukuphefumula ngenxa yokulimala komgogodla;
• ubuthakathaka bemisipha ezandleni, kufaka phakathi ukukhubazeka okuphelele noma okuyingxenye;
• ukunciphisa ukuzwa nokubona;
• ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa;
• ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokugaya ukudla;
• ukuquleka njalo;
• ukujikeleza okuphansi kokugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni nasezifundeni zomgogodla.

Izinkinga ezibalulwe ziyingozi enkulu. Ezinye zazo zidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Banganciphisa kakhulu izinga lempilo yomuntu futhi babangele ukufa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo ngesikhathi esifanele.

Ezigabeni zokuqala, i-hernia yomgogodla womlomo wesibeletho iyasebenza kahle ekulungisweni kokwelapha. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, kunconywa: ukunamathela ekudleni okulungile, vakashela echibini, udlale imidlalo, ugweme i-hypothermia nokuzikhandla okukhulu komgogodla wesibeletho.

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