I-hernia ye-intervertebral iwukwephula ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwento eyodwa noma eziningi zomzimba we-vertebral, okwenzeka ngenxa yokuvuvukala nokukhubazeka kwawo, kuze kufike ekuqhekekeni kwe-annulus fibrosus, extrusion kanye ne-sequestration ye-nucleus pulposus. Lesi sifo esiwohlokayo sivame ukwenzeka endaweni ecindezeleke kakhulu yomgogodla - i-lumbosacral. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amacala angaphezu kwe-90% avela kuma-vertebrae amabili aphansi we-lumbar kanye nokuhlangana ne-sacrum.
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kuvumela ukubuyisela impilo futhi uvikele imiphumela emibi. Kuphela ngesimo esithuthukile sesifo noma ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka.
Izizathu
Kumuntu ophilile ohola indlela yokuphila esebenzayo futhi agcine imisipha kanye nohlelo lwe-musculoskeletal, i-hernia yomgogodla ingenzeka kuphela ngenxa yesifo esibucayi esithathelwanayo noma ukulimala. Izinguquko zesifo sokuzalwa noma ezitholakele ezithisheni zamathambo zandisa ubungozi bokuthola lesi sifo. Kubuye kwenziwe lula ngokuhlala phansi nokukhuluphala ngokweqile, okuholela ekwehleni kokugeleza kwegazi, ukuncipha kwe-corset yemisipha nokwanda komthwalo kukholamu lomgogodla.
Ukudla okungalingani, okubangela ukuntuleka kwamavithamini nama-microelements nokwephula inkambo ejwayelekile yezinqubo zamakhemikhali, kungenye into ekunciphiseni impilo yokusebenza kohlelo lwe-musculoskeletal.
Ukuhlala isikhathi eside endaweni engakhululeki emsebenzini noma ngesikhathi sokulala kuvame ukudala ukugobeka komgogodla, futhi kamuva - i-disc ye-herniated.
Lesi sifo singacasulwa ukungalawuleki komzimba lapho uphakamisa izinsimbi noma ukusebenza okungafanele kokuzivocavoca amandla.
Abesifazane abakhulelwe basengozini, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni ezedlule, ngenxa yokwanda okukhulu kwesisindo somzimba esiphelele kanye nengcindezi eyengeziwe kuma-disc intervertebral. Izinqubo zokuguga zomzimba zithinta kabi isimo samathambo, izicubu ezixhumanayo nezicubu zomzimba, ngakho-ke, ngobudala, inani lezifo ezinjalo lenyuka kakhulu. Ukuthambekela kofuzo nakho kubalulekile. Isibonelo, i-scoliosis ivame ukuzuzwa njengefa.
Izimpawu
Ngokuya ngendawo yesilonda, izimpawu zesifo zinezici zazo.
- Indawo ye-lumbosacral ibonakala ngokuvela kobuhlungu "obuhlungu" esifundeni sediski ethile yomgogodla, ekhuphuka ngaphansi komthwalo kuze kube kubi. Imizwa yobuhlungu ingenzeka emisipheni ekhazimulayo nasemuva kwethanga nasemlenzeni ophansi. Ubuthakathaka buvela emilenzeni futhi ukuzwela kwezindawo zazo kuya ngokuya kuba kubi, umsebenzi wezitho ze-urogenital uba nzima.
- Izinkinga zomgogodla womlomo wesibeletho zibonakaliswa ubuhlungu engalweni noma endaweni yehlombe, ukuba ndikindiki eminweni, ukuba nesiyezi njalo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuphathwa yikhanda.
- Ubuhlungu obujwayelekile endaweni yesifuba kungaba uphawu lwezinguquko zokugula kule ndawo yomgogodla.
Isithombe sediski ye-herniated. © Alexandr Mitiuc - stock.adobe.com
Ngubani ophilisayo
Izimpawu zama-discs we-herniated ziyefana nokubonakaliswa kokuqala kwezinye izifo eziningi ezisebenzayo kanye ne-pathologies. Ekuqaleni, umelaphi ucacisa ukuxilongwa futhi abhekisele kuchwepheshe omncane omncane ofanele.
Yimuphi udokotela ozokwelapha i-hernia yomgogodla kuncike ebukhulwini bezimpawu zesifo nasezingeni lomonakalo kuma-disc intervertebral.
Njengomthetho, isazi sezinzwa senza ukuxilongwa okunembile futhi sibeka indlela yokwelashwa. Umsebenzi wakhe ukucacisa ubunzima nesigaba sesifo, kanye nezizathu zokuvela kwaso. Ngokuya ngemiphumela, angaqala ukwelapha isiguli uqobo (ezimweni ezilula zemvelo yezinzwa), noma asiqondise komunye uchwepheshe lapho kudingeka ukuhlolwa okujulile kwezinguquko eziyinkimbinkimbi zokugula kanye nomphumela onembe kakhudlwana ezilondeni.
Muva nje, ubuchwepheshe obusha bezisebenzi zezokwelapha buvele - udokotela womzimba. Inokubheka okuncane - ukuxilonga, ukwelashwa nokuvimbela izifo zomgogodla nezamalunga. Ngokuyinhloko ukuxazulula izinkinga, kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa okwenziwa ngezandla kanye nezinye izindlela zokuthonya indawo ethintekile, ebheka umphumela oyinkimbinkimbi we-vertebra ngayinye emzimbeni womuntu.
Iziguli ezidinga ukwelashwa okungasebenzi kanye nokubuyiselwa kwemisebenzi yohlelo lwe-musculoskeletal elahlekile ngenxa yesifo zidluliselwa kudokotela wamathambo. Usebenzisa zombili izindlela zezidakamizwa nezindlela ezahlukahlukene zemithi yokubuyisa: i-physiotherapy umzimba (i-exercise therapy), izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokubhucungwa umzimba ne-physiotherapy.
Ukwelashwa okwenziwa ngesandla, okungaziwa ngemithi esemthethweni, ngokusetshenziswa okufanele, kuqeda ngempumelelo ama-syndromes ezinhlungu futhi kubuyise namandla okusebenza komgogodla.
Izinqubo ze-Physiotherapy zibekiwe ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kanye ne-muscle hypertonia endaweni ethintekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, izindlela ezahlukahlukene zesenzo esishisayo, sikagesi kanye ne-hydrodynamic.
Izinsizakalo ze-neurosurgeon zisetshenziselwa izimo ezinzima kakhulu, lapho zonke izindlela zingalethi imiphumela emihle futhi kwenzeka i-hernia noma ukukhushulwa okwenziwe ngokweqile, okungaholela emiphumeleni emibi. Ukulimala komgogodla nakho kudinga ukuhlinzwa.
Ungabudambisa kanjani ubuhlungu
Imithi eminingi edambisa izinhlungu nemithi elwa nokuvuvukala iyatholakala kwezentengiso, eza ngesimo samaphilisi, okokugcoba, okhilimu namaconsi. Zidambisa izinhlungu ngezinga elithile futhi zisize ukunciphisa inqubo yokuvuvukala.
Kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokuya ngemiyalo enamathiselwe nangokucophelela ukuze imiphumela emibi ingalimazi umgudu wokugaya ukudla noma ezinye izitho ezibuthakathaka.
Ukuzilimaza akukwazi ukwenziwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili. Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka, bheka udokotela.
Izindlela zokwelashwa ezingezona ezokuhlinzwa
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokwelashwa okunjalo ukuqeda ubuhlungu nokubuyisela isimo esijwayelekile sengxenye ethintekile yomgogodla.
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa
Amakhambi amakhulu kule ndlela yimithi elwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antispasmodic eqeda ubuhlungu nokuqaqamba kwemisipha. Zisetshenziswa ngaphandle - ngesimo sokugcotshwa nangomlomo - ngesimo samaphilisi noma imijovo ye-intramuscular.
Ukuze uthuthukise izicubu ezixhunyiwe, ama-chondroprotectors akhethekile asetshenzisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo ze-multivitamin zinqunyelwe ukuthuthukisa imisebenzi yokuvuselela yomzimba.
Ukuvinjelwa
Ngomphumela onganele ekusetshenzisweni kwemithi yokubulala izinzwa, ukuphathwa kwasendaweni komuthi (ukuvinjelwa) kusetshenziswa ngqo endaweni ethintekile, lapho ukuphela kwezinzwa kufingqiwe. Kunqunywa ukusebenzisa umshini we-X-ray futhi inqubo yenziwa ngaphansi kweso layo kusetshenziswa i-anesthesia yendawo.
Ukwelashwa okwenziwa ngesandla
Le ndlela yokwelashwa inikeza imiphumela emihle ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo, kepha ayiqedi izinguquko eziwohlozayo kuma-disc intervertebral nakwezinye izifo.
© glisic_albina - stock.adobe.com
Lokhu kudedela imizwa ecindezelweyo ngokuxegisa imisipha bese kubuyisela amathambo omzimba nezimbambo endaweni yazo yasekuqaleni. Izinqubo ezinjalo kufanele zenziwe kuphela ngochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe abanelayisense lokwenza leyo misebenzi futhi beqonde kudokotela oya khona.
Amakhambi abantu
Kunenombolo enkulu yokupheka nezindlela zokuphila kahle ezahlukene. Kepha kufanelekile ukusebenzisa okuhloliwe okuphindaphindiwe nokunokwethenjelwa kuphela.
- Ukucindezelwa okususelwe kuju okunezigcwalisi ezahlukahlukene zemvelo kunomphumela omuhle we-analgesic.
- Kuyasiza ukukhulula i-hypertonicity ngokugcoba uwoyela we-fir endaweni ethintekile bese usebenzisa indwangu yoboya kuyo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwe-hirudotherapy kunciphisa igazi, kuthuthukisa i-microcirculation yayo, esiza ukusheshisa izinqubo zokutakula.
- Indlela yasendulo enjengokukhopa umuntu ibuye iqede izinhlungu nokuqaqamba kwemisipha.
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Ukuhlinzwa
Uma kunemiphumela engagculisi yezindlela zokwelashwa ezingenhla kanye nokuqhubekela phambili kwesifo, okusongela ukukhubazeka noma ukungasebenzi kahle komgogodla noma ezinye izitho, enye yezindlela zokungenelela kokuhlinzwa iyabekwa.
I-Discectomy
Lokhu ukuhlinzwa kwesisu okwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Cishe njalo (ama-95% wamacala) ngale ndlela, kususwa yonke i-disc intervertebral, ngoba ukususwa kwayo okuyingxenye akuqinisekisi ngokuphindelela kwe-hernia yokuphambuka. Yize ukusebenza kahle okuhle (ngaphezu kuka-50%) nokusebenziseka okulula, le ndlela inezinkinga - yisikhathi eside sokululama (kusuka enyangeni eyodwa kuya kwezimbili) kanye nengozi yokunamathela nokunamathela.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Endoscopic
Kule nqubo, i-anesthesia yendawo isetshenziswa futhi kusetshenziswa ithubhu ekhethekile, efakwa ngokusikwa okuncane phakathi kwama-vertebrae. Ikhamera nethuluzi kwehliselwa kule tube ukuze kususwe i-hernia. Yonke inqubo yokuhlinzwa kwe-endoscopic ibhekwa kusetshenziswa isithombe esikuqapha, esidluliselwa yikhamera. Le ndlela isebenza kahle kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-80%), idala ukulimala okuncane ezicutshini zesiguli futhi ayidingi ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-laser Microsurgical
Le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ubukhulu be-nucleus pulposus futhi ngaleyo ndlela ibuyise isikhundla se-vertebra. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo futhi ukuqhubeka kwayo kuhlolwe kusetshenziswa umshini we-X-ray. Inaliti ekhethekile ene-fiber ngaphakathi ifakwa kwi-nucleus pulposus, lapho kudluliswa khona ukukhanya okukhanyayo nobubanzi obuthile kusuka ku-laser. Ngenxa yalokho, ingxenye yoketshezi iyashisa futhi ihwamuke (umusi ususwe ngegesi okhethekile), okuholela ekwehliseni ivolumu ye-nucleus, ukuncipha kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kwediski ye-intervertebral nokubuyela kwayo endaweni yayo yasekuqaleni.
Le yindlela yokwelashwa ephumelelayo, ehlukumezayo futhi engenabuhlungu. Ngenxa yokwehla okuhlobene nobudala enanini loketshezi kumadiski, kunomkhawulo ekusebenzeni ngeminyaka (kuze kufike eminyakeni engama-45).
Umsebenzi womzimba nge-hernia
Ukuvimbela ukukhuphuka noma ukuvela kabusha kwe-hernia yokuphambuka, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa umthwalo emgogodleni futhi ugweme ukunyakaza okungazelelwe noma ukugoba okungazelelwe. Hlala ukhetha indawo enethezekile lapho wenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi wesikhathi eside, usabalalise ngengqondo isisindo lapho uhambisa imithwalo esindayo.
I-Yoga
Amakilasi e-Yoga anomthelela omuhle ohlelweni lonke lwe-musculoskeletal - ukuhamba kwamalunga kuyathuthuka, imisipha iyanwebeka namandla abo nokuqina kwawo kuyaqina, i-corset yemisipha iyaqiniswa. Lokhu kusiza ukubuyisa imisebenzi esekelayo yomgogodla futhi kunciphisa ubungozi bezifo zayo.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuvivinya umzimba, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho.
I-Yoga. © madeinitaly4k - stock.adobe.com
Ukuqeqeshwa kuma-simulators
Ukuthola umphumela omuhle kusuka kwimithwalo enjalo, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhethe ama-simulators adingekayo kanye nohlelo olufanele lokuqeqesha, kucatshangelwa isimo sempilo kanye nezincomo zikadokotela obekhona. Kulokhu, ngaphezu kwesisebenzi sezokwelapha, umqeqeshi angasiza futhi. Ngokuvamile, kungcono ukuyeka imithwalo yamandla kuze kube sekupheleni kwenkambo yokuvuselela, kungenziwa izivivinyo ze-cardio, i.e. ukuzivocavoca ngebhayisikili lokuzivocavoca, umshini wokunyathela, njll.
Ezemidlalo
Ngokuya ngobukhulu be-hernia ye-intervertebral, ibeka imingcele nakwezemidlalo yama-amateur. Kwabachwepheshe, lokhu kuvame ukuphela komsebenzi wezemidlalo. Kunoma ikuphi, lapho ukhetha umdlalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa okudinga ukubuyela emuva kwalesi sifo kungashukumisa:
- Imithwalo esindayo yesikhathi eside noma engashadile emgogodleni.
- Ukunyakaza okungazelelwe kokuguqa ngokugoba nokugoba.
- Imithwalo eshaqisayo (izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokugxuma).
Ukubhukuda kuqinisa iqolo kahle.
Ukuzivocavoca umzimba
Kunezinhlelo eziningi zamakilasi we-gymnastics wokuvuselelwa nokubuyiselwa kwamandla okusebenza emisipha namalunga. Kwabanye, kudalwe izakhiwo eziyinselele zokufanisa (uhlelo lukaDikul noDkt Bubnovsky). Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi usebenze ngokuningiliziwe ngamaqembu emisipha ngamanye, ulayishe futhi welule izindawo ezahlukahlukene zekholamu lomgogodla. Esimweni ngasinye, uhlelo oluthile luyakhethwa.
Kubantu abanenkinga yomgogodla, kubalulekile ukwenza i-gymnastics nsuku zonke ukugcina ithoni yemisipha nokugcina ukuguquguquka komgogodla.
Ukuvuselelwa
Isikhathi nezindlela zokuvuselelwa kuncike ezindleleni zokwelashwa kanye nesimo sesiguli ngesikhathi sokuphothulwa. Izincomo zesikhathi semikhawulo yemithwalo, izinqubo ezidingekayo zokuvuselela nokuxakaniseka kokuzivocavoca umzimba kwenziwa ngudokotela ofikayo.
Ukudonsa umgogodla
Esikhathini esiningi, umuntu uchitha endaweni emile futhi ikholomu yomgogodla iba nengcindezi engapheli kuma-disc intervertebral, anciphisa ibanga phakathi kwama-vertebrae futhi angaholela ekuhambeni kwabo. Ngakho-ke, noma emzimbeni ophilile, kubalulekile ukwenza ngezikhathi ezithile ukuzivocavoca umzimba.
© DedMityay - stock.adobe.com
Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwelula umgogodla ekwelapheni i-intervertebral hernia: imishini eyahlukahlukene yokuzivocavoca ngokuya ngezisindo noma ngamabhande okunwebeka, amadivayisi akhethekile wokuzivocavoca emanzini, nezindlwana zokubambelela. Ngemuva kwalezi zinqubo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-corset isikhashana futhi wenze isethi yokuzivocavoca eqinisa imisipha yangemuva nsuku zonke.
I-Corset
Esikhathini sokuhlinzwa nangesikhathi sokululama ekulimaleni, kunengozi yokufuduka kwama-disc intervertebral. Ukuvimbela lokhu, kusetshenziswa amadivayisi akhethekile (ama-corsets), anciphisa umthwalo emgogodleni, alungise ukuma okuqondile komzimba futhi anciphise ukunyakaza kokujikeleza nokuthambekela komzimba.
© EVGENIY - stock.adobe.com
Ngokujwayelekile komgogodla, kuyadingeka ukuthi uyeke kancane kancane ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi wokusekela ukuze ugweme ukuncika ngokuphelele kuwo njengomphumela we-muscle atrophy.
Imiphumela
Kwezokwelapha zasempumalanga, akuyona into engaqondakali ukuthi igama elithi "master spine" livame ukusetshenziswa. Ngoba zonke izitho zomuntu nezinhlelo zisebenza ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwesistimu yezinzwa zomzimba, okuyisikhungo sayo. Impilo yawo wonke amaseli omzimba incike ngokuphelele ekusebenzeni kwayo okujwayelekile.
Ukwelashwa okulibazisekile noma okungekho esimweni se-hernia ye-intervertebral kungaholela ezifweni cishe nganoma yisiphi isitho nokuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwezinhlelo ezibalulekile.
Ukuncinana kweziphetho zezinzwa, ngaphezu kokubonakaliswa okusobala ngesimo sezinzwa zezinhlungu zemizwa, kunomphumela ocindezelayo ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo nasemithanjeni yamathumbu. Kukhona ukungalingani phakathi nezinqubo zamakhemikhali, futhi ukuvuvukala kungenzeka ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene (amanyikwe, isibindi, i-bronchi).Uma ungathathi izinyathelo zokuqeda ukucinana, khona-ke lokhu kungaholela ekukhubazekeni kwezitho, ukukhula kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezinzima, ukukhubazeka nokufa imbala.
Ukudla
Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungadala i-hernia yomgogodla. Ngakho-ke, ukujwayelekile kwayo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa impilo yomzimba. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu asebevele benesifo esinjalo. Ukudla okulinganiselayo kuhlanganiswe nendlela yokuphila esebenzayo kuzosusa amafutha omzimba futhi kwehlise isisindo somzimba.
Kuyadingeka ukulungisa indlela odla ngayo - yidla ukudla okuningi kwamaprotheni, unciphise ukudla usawoti, uphuze amanzi amaningi futhi uqinisekise ukuthi umzimba ugcwele amavithamini nezinto ezilandelwayo. Lapho-ke ukwelashwa nokubuyiselwa komgogodla kuzoshesha futhi ingozi yokuphinda ibuye yehle.
Ukuvimbela
Indlela yokuphila esebenzayo nokudla okunempilo kuyisisekelo sokuvimbela ukuvela kwezifo zomgogodla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukugcina isimo esihle somzimba nokuqinisa i-corset yemisipha ngokuzivocavoca nsuku zonke.
Ukuphakamisa izinsimbi nomsebenzi osindayo womzimba kufanele wenziwe kuphela endaweni enethezekile eqeda imithwalo eyeqile, inikeze ukuzinza, igcine ibhalansi futhi isabalalise ngokulinganayo isisindo somthwalo ophakanyiswayo kuwo wonke amaqembu emisipha.
Ukunakwa okufanele kufanele kukhokhwe ekumeni ngenkathi uhamba futhi uhleli: emuva kufanele kuhlale kuqondile, amahlombe - evulekile. Lapho wenza umsebenzi wokuhlala, ubukhulu nendawo yokusebenza (isitulo, itafula, ikhompyutha, izibani zasendaweni) kufanele kuhlangabezane nezimfuneko ze-ergonomic.
