Wonke umuntu, mhlawumbe, wake wabuza lo mbuzo: iyiphi inyoni eshesha kunazo zonke emhlabeni? Ngabe ijubane elingakanani? Ubukeka kanjani futhi udlani? Sinqume ukuphendula yonke le mibuzo esihlokweni sethu esisha, lapho sizokhuluma khona kabanzi mayelana nendlela yokuphila, izindawo zokuhlala, imikhuba yesidalwa esisheshayo emhlabeni, futhi, njengebhonasi, sizonikeza lapha uhlu lwezinye izinyoni eziyisishiyagalolunye nazo ezamangaza abantu. ijubane lezindiza zabo.
I-Peregrine Falcon: isilo esisheshayo emhlabeni
Mhlawumbe bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi ijubane lenyoni eshesha kunazo zonke emhlabeni endizeni yokuntywila lifinyelela kumakhilomitha angamakhulu amathathu namashumi amabili nambili ngehora. Ukuqhathanisa, lokhu kulingana namamitha angama-90 ngomzuzwana! Asikho isilwane emhlabeni esingakwazi ukufinyelela kuleli jubane.
Kulabo abafuna ukwazi izilwane eziyi-10 eziphezulu kakhulu emhlabeni, silungiselele enye indatshana ethokozisayo kuwebhusayithi yethu.
Hlangana nokhokho be-peregrine, iflaya elisheshayo emhlabeni. Le ndoda ebukekayo evela emndenini wama-falcons ivelele ezweni lonke lesilwane hhayi ngejubane layo eliphakeme nje kuphela, kepha nangobuhlakani bayo obuphakeme ngokweqile. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu baye bathambisa izinyoni ezisheshayo emhlabeni futhi bazisebenzisela umdlalo othandwayo ngeNkathi Ephakathi - i-falconry.
Ngendlela, i-peregrine falcon ibihlala iyinyoni, okungewona wonke umuntu ongayigcina. Umsebenzi odumile wesiNgisi uBoke waseSt. Ama-Albans ", ahlehlela emuva ku-1486, kuthiwa ngumuntu womndeni ophakeme kuphela, njengombusi noma inkosana, ongaba nenkohliso ye-peregrine.
Ngeshwa, kungenxa yobudedengu bomuntu ukuthi izidalwa ezisheshayo emhlabeni zacishe zanyamalala ebusweni boMhlaba njengenhlobo. Eminyakeni yamashumi amane yekhulu elidlule, lapho izibulala-zinambuzane, kufaka phakathi i-DDT, zaqala ukusetshenziswa kakhulu, ocelemba abambalwa base-peregrine base besengozini yokuqothulwa ngokoqobo. Lawa makhemikhali, afuthwe emasimini, aba nomthelela omubi kakhulu kulezi zinhlobo zezinyoni, ngenxa yokuthi inani labantu laqala ukwehla ngokushesha. Futhi kuphela ngo-1970, lapho ukusetshenziswa kwalemithi yokubulala izinambuzane kwezolimo kwavinjelwa, inani lamapheshana ashesha kakhulu emhlabeni laqala ukwanda futhi.
Ubukhulu benyoni endala bungahluka kusuka kumasentimitha angamashumi amathathu nanhlanu kuya kumashumi amahlanu, kanti abesifazane bahlala njalo bebakhulu kunabesilisa. Umbala womzimba ophezulu ungwevu, isisu sikhanya. Umlomo ufushane, ugobile (njengawo wonke ama-falcons), futhi ukushaya kwawo kunamandla kangangokuba lapho uhlangana nawo, ikhanda lesisulu livame ukundiza. Idla izinyoni ezifana namajuba noma idada, nezilwane ezincane ezincelisayo ezinjengegundane, izingwejeje ezisemhlabathini, izingulube kanye nezingwejeje.
IPeregrine Falcon ishiwo esithasiselweni somhlangano we-CITES, lapho kungavunyelwe neze ukuyisebenzisela ukuthengiswa kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomhlaba. Futhi, inyoni eshesha kunazo zonke emhlabeni ibhalwe kuRed Book of the Russian Federation, njengenhlobo encane kakhulu.
Umbani onamaphiko: izinyoni eziyi-10 eziphezulu kakhulu emhlabeni
Futhi nangu abamele abambalwa bomhlaba wezinyoni abazokunqoba ngejubane labo. Ubani ofanele ukuthatha indawo yokuqala, sesiyazi - ngaphandle kokungabaza, le falcon falcon iyisidalwa esisheshayo emhlabeni. Kepha ngubani omlandelayo ngejubane:
Ukhozi olusegolide
Ukhozi olusagolide luthatha indawo yesibili ehloniphekile ohlwini lwethu olusheshayo emhlabeni, ngoba ijubane lokundiza kwalo lingafinyelela ku-240-320 km / h, elingaphansi kakhulu kunejubane lalowo owandulela lona. Ukhozi olusagolide lungolwezinyoni ezinkulu kakhulu zohlobo lwezinkozi, ngoba amaphiko alo angafinyelela kumasentimitha angamakhulu amabili namashumi amane, futhi ukuphakama kwawo kuyahluka kusuka kumasentimitha angamashumi ayisikhombisa nesithupha kuya kumashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nantathu.
Ukhozi olusagolide luyisilwane esidla ezinye, luzingela izinyoni ezincane kanye namagundane, nezilwane ezincane ezincelisayo, ngokwesibonelo, kungathatha imvu. Ngenxa yombala wayo omnyama onezimpaphe zegolide entanyeni nape, le nyoni yathola igama leGolden Eagle, okusho ukuthi “ukhozi olugolide” ngesiNgisi.
Swift enomsila
ISwift enomsila wenaliti, ebizwa nangokuthi i-keytail, isendaweni yesithathu ohlwini lwethu olusheshayo emhlabeni. Ijubane layo lingafinyelela ku-160 km / h, kanti nendlela yalo yokuphila ayiqondakali kahle. Isisindo sale nyoni asidluli amagremu ayikhulu namashumi ayisikhombisa nanhlanu, kanti ubude bomzimba ngamasentimitha angamashumi amabili nambili. Ijubane elinomsila wenaliti likhethe iSiberia neMpumalanga Ekude njengendawo yalo yokuhlala eRussia, futhi ebusika, abamele lo mndeni bandizela e-Australia. Le nyoni encane yaqanjwa igama ngenxa yokuma komsila wayo - hhayi obhidlikile, njengamajubane amaningi, kodwa iqoqwe ekugcineni noma ngenaliti eyodwa ebukhali.
Ukuzilibazisa
Le nyoni enesilinganiso esiphakathi nendawo (cishe amasentimitha angamashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili kuya kumashumi amathathu nesithupha ngosayizi) nayo iyisilwane esidlayo futhi ingeyomndeni wokhozi, njengomnikazi werekhodi lethu - i-peregrine falcon, okuthi, ngendlela, ibukeke ifana nokuzilibazisa. Kepha, ngokungafani naye, isivinini sendiza ye-hobbyist cishe yi-150 km / h. Futhi, lesi silwane esidliwayo esinezimpaphe sidume ngokungazakheli izidleke zaso, futhi ngokuzalisa amachwane kuncamela ukuhlala ezindlini zakudala zezinye izinyoni, ngokwesibonelo, i-sparrowhawk, i-crow noma i-magpie.
I-Frigate
I-frigate iyinyoni ekhanyayo futhi engajwayelekile ethanda ukuhlala ezindaweni ezishisayo, ngokwesibonelo, eSychelles noma e-Australia. Ijubane lokuhamba kwalo nalo liyamangalisa - lingafinyelela ku-150 km / h, kuyilapho i-frigate ingachitha isikhathi esiningi emoyeni. Ukubukeka kwamadoda kuyahlaba umxhwele - esifubeni ngasinye sawo kunesikhwama somphimbo obomvu ngokugqamile, ngosayizi abesifazane abanquma owesilisa othembisa kakhulu. Amafrigates athola igama lawo ukuhlonipha imikhumbi yempi enegama elifanayo, njengoba benomkhuba wokuthatha ukudla kwezinye izinyoni ngokuzihlasela.
I-albatross empunga
Uma i-peregrine falcon ingabhekwa njengeshesha kakhulu emhlabeni maqondana nejubane lokundiza ngebhanoyi, i-albatross enekhanda elimpunga ngokuzethemba ibamba ubuqhawe ngejubane lendiza evundlile, efakwe kuyo eGuinness Book of Records. Ingahamba u-127 km / h ngaphandle kokunciphisa ijubane amahora ayisishiyagalombili agcwele, okukufakazile ngo-2004. Njengoba igama layo lisho, le albatross inombala ompunga ngombala, futhi ubude bayo buvame ukufika kumasentimitha angamashumi ayisishiyagalombili.
Uyazi irekhodi lomhlaba ngejubane lokugijima komuntu? Uma kungenjalo, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda enye indatshana kuwebhusayithi yethu.
Spur ihansi
Ama-Spur goose nawo ayizinyoni ezisheshayo, njengoba i-142 km / h kuyijubane lawo eliphezulu. Lezi zinyoni zihlala e-Afrika, zondla izitshalo zasemanzini, futhi azizideleli izilimo ezilinyiwe - ukolweni nommbila. Ihansi eliboshiwe labizwa ngegama lalo ngenxa yezinhlayiya ezinobuthi ezicijile ezisemaphikweni empiko. Amahansi abheka ngqo ama-blister beetles, ukusetshenziswa kwawo ekudleni kunika izinhlayiya zehansi ngezinto ezinobuthi.
I-merganser emaphakathi
Kepha i-merganser emaphakathi, yize inegama elihlekisayo, ingomunye wabamele imindeni yedada ejwayelekile. Inombala ofanayo - isifuba esimhlophe nesibomvu, isisu nentamo emhlophe, umhlane omnyama onombala oluhlaza. I-merganser ejwayelekile yehlukile kuzo zonke ezinye izihlobo zayo entweni eyodwa - ingakha isivinini sokuqopha ngempela - 129 km / h.
I-American Swift enamabele amhlophe
Eqinisweni, kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-swifts aseMelika - izinhlobo ezingaba yisishiyagalombili. Kepha yi-swift yaseMelika enamabele amhlophe futhi phakathi kwabo ophethe amarekhodi endiza eshesha kakhulu - angandiza ngaphakathi kwe-124 km / h. Ukushesha kudla izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, ngenxa yokuzingela okuchitha isikhathi esiningi sempilo yayo emoyeni.
Ngena
Kuyisiko ukubiza uhlobo lwe-diving lonke uhlobo lomndeni wedada, olwehlukile, empeleni, amadada ngoba abameleli bawo bakhetha ukuthola ukudla kwabo ngokuntywila emanzini, lapho kuvela khona leli gama elihlekisayo. Lezi zinyoni ziyaziwa futhi ngenxa yokuthi ziphakathi kweziyishumi ezisheshayo, ngoba ijubane lokundiza kwazo lingafinyelela ku-116 km / h.
Ikakhulukazi kulabo abafuna ukufunda ukuthi bangafunda kanjani ukugijima amabanga amade asheshayo, kunendatshana kuwebhusayithi yethu ezophendula lo mbuzo ngokuningiliziwe.
Ngale nyoni, esendaweni yeshumi ocwaningweni lwethu phakathi kwezinyoni, sizoyiphetha le ndatshana. Vakashela iwebhusayithi yethu kaningi - sisenezinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo!
