Iqiniso elingenakuphikwa lokuthi i-oxygen iyigesi edingekayo empilweni yazo zonke izinto eziphilayo. Ukuphefumula kuyinqubo yemvelo yemvelo abantu abaningi abangakaze bacabange ngayo.
Kwenzeka ukuthi umuntu angabi nomoya-mpilo owenele, lesi simo sivame ukubonakaliswa ukusabela okuhambisanayo - ukuphefumula okuncane. Yini engaba imbangela, futhi iziphi izidakamizwa ezingasiza ekulweni nalokhu kuphambuka emzimbeni?
Izimbangela zokuphefumula kancane ngenkathi zigijima
Bangaphezu koyedwa umuntu oyeke ukugijima ngenxa yokuphefumula okuncane esigabeni sokuqala sokuqeqeshwa.
AmaNewbies aqala ukukhononda ngalokhu:
- ukuntuleka komoya;
- ukuphefumula kanzima;
- imithwalo esindayo.
Futhi-ke, lapho bebhekene nobunzima obunje, njengoba kubonakala kwabaqalayo, abanye basheshe bahlukane nendlela yokuphila enempilo, bengacabangi ukuthi kunezindlela zokusiza ukugijima, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo baphefumule kalula.
Okokuqala, izinkinga zokuphefumula zingaqala kusuka:
- Ukhuluphele ngokweqile.
- Imikhuba emibi, ukuphuza utshwala, ukubhema.
- Ukungabi nokucindezeleka.
- Uhlobo lwezinzwa.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukukhuthazela okudingekayo kokugijima kungathuthukiswa ngokushesha futhi kalula. Ngemuva kwamasonto ayisikhombisa, ngemuva kokuqala kokuqeqeshwa, umsubathi ngokwakhe uzobona izinguquko ezibonakalayo ekuphefumuleni, ukugijima kuzoba mnandi kakhulu.
Kepha kuzoba nzima ukususa isisindo esiningi nokuqeda ukubhema. Abanye bakuthola kulula ukuhlala nokushiyeka, bese bethi: “akukho okusizayo,” kunokubhekana nabo. Ngakho-ke, uma kunesifiso sokushintsha impilo yakho ngandlela thile, akufanele, noma ngabe kunzima futhi kunzima kangakanani, ukulandela ukuhola kwemikhuba yakho emibi nobuvila.
Uma umuntu ehlele ngokungafanele ukuzivocavoca kwakhe, khona-ke ukuphefumula okuncane kuzoba yinkomba yalokhu. Imvamisa abaqalayo baqala ukugijima "ngejubane elisheshayo", bekholelwa ukuthi "ukuhamba kancane" ngeke kulethe imiphumela. Ngingathanda ukukuqinisekisa ngenye indlela, ukugijima kancane kunomthelela omuhle enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi, kubangela izinqubo ze-metabolic, ezinomthelela ekunciphiseni isisindo.
Uma uqala ukuminyaniswa, yehlisa ijubane. Yehlisa isivinini, lawula ukuphefumula - akusizanga, yehlisa ijubane kuze kufike ekuhambeni.
Imishanguzo yokuphefumula emifushane
Ukuze uqale ukwelashwa kokuphefumula, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlolisiswe ngokuphelele ukuze ubone i-etiology yalesi sibonakaliso.
Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa amaqembu alandelayo emithi:
- ama-glycosides;
- Ama-ACE inhibitor;
- isisu;
- ama-vasodilators;
- i-anticholinergics;
- ama-beta-adrenergic agonists;
- izimiso zomthetho;
- ama-anticoagulants;
- ama-antithrombotic agents.
Kepha akumele sikhohlwe ukuthi le mithi ithathwa njengoba kuchazwe ngudokotela, ukuzelapha ngokwakho kuholela ekusabeleni okubi ngisho nasekufeni.
UFurosemide
Lesi sidakamizwa kungokwalabo okwehlisa isisu, izidakamizwa ezinjalo zivame ukubekwa ekwelashweni kokuphefumula kokungajwayelekile kwenhliziyo.
IFurosemide iyi- "loop" yomchamo engasiza ngezifo ezilandelayo:
- I-Nephrotic syndrome.
- Izifo zesibindi.
- Ukwehluleka kwezinso.
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Lo muthi, we-dyspnea yenhliziyo, uvimbela ukumuncwa kwe-chloride ne-sodium ions. Ngenxa yesithako esisebenzayo somuthi, umthwalo osesiswini esikhulu emzimbeni wehlisiwe, yingakho umphumela wokulwa nomfutho wegazi ophezulu uvela. Ukuthatha la maphilisi, ukuphefumula kancane kancane kuyehla, futhi umuntu uzizwa ethuthuka esimweni sakhe.
Kepha akumele sikhohlwe ngokuphendula okuhlangothini, udokotela unikeza imvume yokusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa, ukusetshenziswa okuzimele komuthi akwamukelekile.
I-Metoprolol
Ukuqokwa komuthi kwenzeka ngokuphefumula okuncane ngokumelene nesizinda sokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Umuthi - umphumela hypotensive.
Uma usuyithathile, umthwalo osenhliziyweni uyehla, ukushaya kwenhliziyo nomfutho wegazi kubuyela kokujwayelekile kubantu abasha nabadala. Lesi sidakamizwa sisetshenziswe ngempumelelo kusukela eminyakeni yama-80s yekhulu elidlule.
Kepha ayifanele wonke umuntu, ngezifundo zezifo zezifo:
- Angina pectoris.
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
- I-Arrhythmias.
- I-infarction ye-myocardial enamandla.
- Iziqephu ezivamile ze-migraine.
Konke ukuqokwa kwenziwa kuphela ngudokotela ohambelayo.
I-Verapamil
Lo muthi ubuye usetshenziselwe ukuqeda ukuphefumula okuncane ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo. Umuthi kungokwalabo iqembu blocker calcium iziteshi.
Kuyavela kubo:
- i-hypotensive;
- antiarrhythmic;
- umphumela we-antiangial.
Into esebenzayo yomuthi ivimba iziteshi ze-calcium ezisenhliziyweni, imithambo yegazi, i-bronchi, isibeletho, umgudu womchamo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukwehla kwethoni yemisipha, lapho i-myocardium idinga khona umoya-mpilo omncane.
Uma umuthi uthathwe ngokungalungile, khona-ke ungaba yingozi empilweni. Ngakho-ke, lo muthi kufanele uphuzwe ngokuya kohlelo olubekwe ngudokotela, ngoba kukhona ukuphikisana okuningi.
I-Torasemid
Lesi sidakamizwa futhi isisu. Umphumela oyinhloko womuthi kungenxa yokubopha okungaguquguquki kwe-torasemide kumlingani we-sodium, i-chlorine, ne-potassium ions etholakala kulwelwesi lwe-apical lwengxenye ejiyile yengxenye ekhuphukayo yeluphu likaHenle.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ukumuncwa kwama-sodium ions kuncishisiwe noma kuvinjelwe, ukucindezela kwe-osmotic ye-intracellular fluid nokumuncwa kwamanzi kuyancipha.
Futhi, ama-aldosterone receptors ku-myocardium avinjelwe, i-fibrosis iyancipha futhi umsebenzi we-diastolic we-myocardium uyathuthuka. I-Torasemide isebenza ngokwengeziwe uma iqhathaniswa neminye imithi efanayo, nomphumela wesikhathi eside emzimbeni. Kodwa lo muthi kufanele uthathwe ngokuqapha, ngoba kukhona ukuphikisana okuningi.
Ukubonakaliswa kokuphefumula okufushane kuyisizathu esihle sokubonana nodokotela, noma ngabe kuqale kanjani: ngenkathi ugijima noma ngesinye isizathu. Ingahambisana nezifo eziningi hhayi zokuphefumula kuphela, kepha nezinhlelo zenhliziyo, hhayi njalo eziphazamisa umuntu ngokufanayo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukubonakaliswa kwayo akulimazi emvelweni, okugcina kube nomphumela omuhle. Ngakho-ke, kungcono uphinde uphinde uhlolwe futhi uqiniseke ukuthi konke kuhlelekile kunokungaphuthelwa umzuzwana nokwelashwa kwesifo esibi.
