IMarathon ngumncintiswano wezokusubatha lapho abasubathi bahamba ibanga elingamakhilomitha angama-42 amamitha ayi-195.
Imijaho ingenzeka ezindaweni ezihluke ngokuphelele, kusuka emgwaqeni omkhulu kuya ezindaweni ezimangelengele. Amabanga nawo angahluka uma sikhuluma ngefomu elingelona elakudala. Ake sihlaziye yonke imininingwane ehlobene nomjaho ngokuningiliziwe.
Umlando
Umlando womncintiswano ungahlukaniswa ngezikhathi ezimbili:
- Endulo
- Isimanjemanje
Ukushiwo kokuqala kwehlela enganekwaneni yasendulo yeqhawe uPhidippis. Ngemuva kwempi eduze kwedolobha laseMarathon, wagijimela e-Athens yangakubo, wamemezela ukunqoba kwakhe futhi wafa.
Imidlalo yokuqala yenzeka ngo-1896, lapho ababambiqhaza bagijima besuka eMarathon baya e-Athene. Abahleli kwakunguMichel Breal noPierre Coubertin. Ophumelele umncintiswano wamadoda wokuqala bekunguSpiridon Luis, ogijime emahoreni ama-3 emizuzwini engu-18. Izinhlanga zokuqala zabesifazane zenzeka kuphela ngo-1984.
Imininingwane yebanga
Ibanga
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ibanga lomjaho cishe liyi-42 km. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubude buguqukile, ngoba abuzange bulungiswe.
Isibonelo, ngo-1908 eLondon ibanga lalingamakhilomitha angama-42 namamitha ayi-195, ngo-1912 kwakungamakhilomitha angama-40.2. Ubude bokugcina basungulwa ngo-1921, okwakungu-42 km no-195 m.
Ukugijima umjaho webanga elide
Ngaphezu kwebanga, ibanga lingaphansi kwezidingo ezihlobene nala maphuzu alandelayo:
- Izimo zezulu
- Induduzo
- Ukuphepha
- Amaphuzu wosizo akhethekile kude
Abahleli banesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha okuphelele nokunethezeka kwabahlanganyeli kulo mjaho. Ibanga lingaba semigwaqweni emikhulu, izindlela zomjikelezo noma izindlela zezinyawo.
Kuwo wonke amakhilomitha ama-5 endlela, kufanele kube namaphoyinti akhethekile lapho umgijimi engabamba khona umoya wakhe, aphuze amanzi noma azikhulule, ngoba abagijimi badinga ukugcina ibhalansi yamanzi futhi bagcwalise imithombo yamandla ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
Ukuqala nokuqeda kufanele kufakwe endaweni yenkundla. Kubalulekile ukuthi kube nabasebenzi bezokwelapha abakhethekile abangasiza umsubathi. Futhi, ubukhona bezinsizakalo zokuphoqelela umthetho uma kwenzeka izimo eziphuthumayo ezisongela impilo nempilo yabahlanganyeli kulo mncintiswano. Imihlangano ingahluka ngezimo ezithile zesimo sezulu, kepha lokhu kubhekisele ohlangeni oluhlukile lomjaho, esizoxoxa ngalo ngezansi.
Izinhlobo zomncintiswano
Imincintiswano ingezinhlobo eziningana:
- Ezentengiso
- Okungenzi inzuzo
- Kwedlulele
TO okungenzi nzuzo zifaka phakathi lezo ezifakiwe ohlelweni lweMidlalo Yama-Olimpiki. Banohlelo lwabo kanye nezinhlanga, lapho kunokuhlukana okusobala phakathi kwezinhlanga zabesilisa nabesifazane.
Ngaphansi ezentengiso qonda umcimbi ohlelwe ngabantu abazimele. Bahlukene ngokuthi noma ngubani angabamba iqhaza. Imvamisa zigcinwa ekwindla noma entwasahlobo, njengoba kukholakala ukuthi lesi yisikhathi esihle kakhulu maqondana nezimo zezulu. Ukuqala komjaho wabesilisa nowabesifazane kungabanjwa kungakapheli ihora elilodwa noma ngisho ndawonye. (Nikeza izibonelo)
Kukhona nohlobo olukhethekile - ngokweqile... Lezi zivivinyo ezinkulu kakhulu ezingenziwa ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu nezimbi kakhulu. Emincintiswaneni enjalo, ukusinda akusewona umsebenzi olula, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu akunikezwa ezemidlalo, kepha ukukhangisa noma injongo yokusiza. Zingenziwa ezingwadule, emahlathini, nase-Arctic Circle.
Isibonelo, iMarathon des Sables ngumjaho wasogwadule ohlala izinsuku eziyi-7. Nsuku zonke, ababambiqhaza kumele bahambe ibanga elinqunyelwe futhi bahlangabezane nesikhathi esinqunyiwe, uma kungabonwa, ukungafaneleki kuyenzeka. Abagijimi baphatha zonke izingubo zabo, ukudla namanzi. Inhlangano ibhekele kuphela indawo eyengeziwe yamanzi nezindawo zokulala.
Amarekhodi omhlaba
Amarekhodi omhlaba kulo mncintiswano ahlukaniswe nge:
- Ezabesifazane
- Okwamadoda
Indoda eshesha kakhulu kwaba ngumgijimi uDennis Quimetto. Ugijime amahora amabili nemizuzu emi-3. Uqophe irekhodi ngo-2014.
Umsubathi uPaula Radcliffe ugqame phakathi kwabesifazane. Uqophe irekhodi ngo-2003, esebenzisa ibanga ngamahora ama-2 nemizuzu eyi-15 namasekhondi angama-23. Umsubathi waseKenya uMary Keitani usondele eduze neField. Ngo-2012, wagijima imizuzu emithathu nemizuzwana eyi-12.
Abagijimi abagqamile kuleli banga
UKenenes Bekele ukwazile ukusondela kurekhodi phakathi kwamadoda, okuthe ngo-2016 kwagijima imizuzwana emi-5 nje kancane kunomnikazi werekhodi wamanje, okusho ukuthi, emahoreni ama-2 imizuzu emithathu nemizuzwana emi-3. Okugqame nakakhulu umehluko phakathi komjaho wesithathu ophakeme kakhulu oqhutshwa umsubathi waseKenya. U-Eliudu Kipchoge... Ngo-2016, wayenemizuzwana emibili kuphela emfushane yomphumela we-Bekele.
Phakathi kwabesifazane, IMeya uKeitani noKatrina Nderebe. Owokuqala ukwazile ukusetha umphumela emahoreni ama-2 imizuzu eyi-18 namasekhondi angu-37. UKatrina wagijima imizuzwana eyishumi nje kancane eMjahweni weChicago ka-2001.
Impumelelo eyingqayizivele izuziwe U-Emil Zatopek ngo-1952. Ukwazile ukuwina izindondo zegolide ezi-3, wawina amamitha ayi-5000, amamitha ayi-10,000 nemarathon.
Ukugijima kwe-marathon okuphawulekayo
Kunemijaho engaphezu kuka-800 minyaka yonke. Imikhulu futhi ehlonishwayo njengamanje yimijaho ebanjelwe eBoston, eLondon,
ITokyo neNew York. Kubhekwa umjaho wakudala eSlovakia - iKosice. Umuntu angagqamisa umncintiswano waseBoston, owawubanjwe ngo-2008. Isabelomali sabo kwakuyizinkulungwane ezingama-800 zamadola, izinkulungwane eziyi-150 zazo zanikezwa onqobile.
Impendulo evela kubahlanganyeli
Cabanga ngempendulo evela kubahlanganyeli bangempela:
U-Ekaterina Kantovskaya, umbhali webhulogi ethi "Injabulo isendleleni", ukhulume kanjena: " Ngikwenzile! Ngigijime imarathon futhi ngijabule kakhulu. Lokhu bekuyiphupho lami iminyaka eminingi futhi manje ngikwazile ukukufeza. Lokho engiye kukho isikhathi eside kangaka, ukunqoba ubunzima nezinkinga, kuzithethelela ngo-100%. Ukweqa umugqa wokuqeda kungumuzwa omangazayo. Umsebenzi ubewufanele futhi ngicabanga ukuthi angibambi iqhaza emcimbini onje okokugcina. "
“Ngawuthanda umncintiswano wohlelo lwawo! Kunolwazi oluningi ongazi ukuthi ungalusebenzisa kuphi, kepha lapha konke kuqondiswe ngenhloso kumgomo owodwa. Imarathon kimi iyindlela yokubeka konke endaweni yayo futhi ngilahle izinto ezingenasidingo. Impumelelo yezemidlalo akuyona into esemqoka kimi lapha. Into esemqoka yilokho imarathon ekunika umphefumulo. Ukuthula nokwaneliseka ngokufeza izinhloso ezibekiwe. "
U-Albina Bulatova
“Ekuqaleni isimo sengqondo ngemicimbi enjalo besinokungabaza okukhulu. Bengingakholelwa eqinisweni lokuthi ukugijima kungayithuthukisa impilo yami futhi ngikushintshe kube ngohlangothi oluhle. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwesonto lokuqala lokulungiselela, isimo sami sengqondo saqala ukushintsha. Ukuqedela imisebenzi emisha kwasiza ekubhekaneni nobunzima bokuphila, futhi kwavela imikhuba eminingi ewusizo. Manje senginakekela kakhulu impilo yami, umndeni kanye nami uqobo. Ngenxa yemarathon!
UTatiana Karavaeva
“Bengilindele okwehlukile, bengilindele okungaphezulu. Ekuqaleni, ngokuhlangenwe nakho okusha nemikhuba emisha, ngikuthandile konke lokhu. Kodwa kamuva isisusa sanyamalala, amandla ahlala engaphansi kakhulu. Ukulungiselela kuthathe isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi kwaphazamisa impilo yansuku zonke. Angikwazanga ukugijimela ekugcineni, engingazisoli nakancane ngakho. Imarathon ishiye imizwa engemihle.
U-Olga Lukina
"Konke kuphelele! Okuhlangenwe nakho okuningi okuvuzayo nokuthakazelisayo. Into esemqoka kimi ukuthola ulwazi olusha, imininingwane nemizwa. Lapha ngithole konke lokhu futhi angizisoli nakancane ngokuthi ngibambe iqhaza.
UVictoria Chainikova
IMarathon yithuba elihle lokushintsha impilo yakho, uthole ulwazi olusha nabantu obajwayele. Kubasubathi, lo kusengumncintiswano ohlonishwayo, indlela yokuzibonakalisa, amakhono abo futhi babe ngabanqobi.
Uma unenhloso yokubamba iqhaza futhi uphumelele kulolu vivinyo, kufanele ulandele le mithetho namathiphu alandelayo:
- Khetha isizini kahle. Izikhathi ezinhle kakhulu ngu-Okthoba-Novemba noMashi-Ephreli.
- Ukuqeqeshwa okunekhono nokucabangisisa nomqeqeshi.
- Ukudla okulungile nokulala.
- Zinike ugqozi njalo. Isibonelo, ukuzibusisa ngemuva kokufeza inhloso.
- Ukukhethwa ngokucophelela kwezingubo nezicathulo ezizokuthokozela futhi zenzelwe ezemidlalo.
- Yakha uhlelo lwakho lomjaho, izikhathi nezigaba kusengaphambili.
- Zama ukuzijabulisa
Uma unamathela kulezi zeluleko, lapho-ke ngeke ube nezinkinga zokuqedela imarathon nokufeza amaphupho akho.
