Ukuhlukumezeka kwendlebe - ukulimala ezingxenyeni ezingaphandle, eziphakathi nezingaphakathi zesitho sokuzwa. Ngokuya ngokwendawo, kungaziveza esithombeni somtholampilo esilandelayo:
- isilonda esivulekile;
- ukuhlukaniswa kwegobolondo;
- ukopha;
- izinzwa ezibuhlungu;
- isiminyaminya, hum ezindlebeni;
- ukukhubazeka kokuzwa;
- izinkinga ngokuxhumanisa ukunyakaza;
- isiyezi;
- isicanucanu.
Ukukhomba ukuhlukunyezwa kwezindlebe nokwenza ukuxilongwa okunembile, kunqunywa lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo zokuxilonga:
- i-otoscopy;
- ukuhlolwa ngudokotela wezinzwa;
- i-computed tomography ne-x-ray yogebhezi;
- Ukucabanga kwe-Magnetic resonance;
- ukuhlolwa komsebenzi we-vestibular nowokuzwa.
Uma kutholakala ukulimala kwezindlebe, kunikezwa ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa. Ngesimo esibucayi se-pathological, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka. Ukwelashwa kufaka ukwelashwa kwesilonda, ukuqedwa kwe-hematomas, ukubuyiselwa kobuqotho bezicubu, kanye nokuvimbela ukutheleleka, ukumnika, i-anti-shock, i-decongestant, izinyathelo zokuvikela ukuvuvukala.
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Ukwahlukanisa, umtholampilo kanye nokwelashwa kokulimala okuhlukahlukene
Ukulimala kwe-auricular ukulimala okuvamile ngenxa yokuvikelwa okungalungile kwe-anatomical. Izimo zokugula kwezigaba eziphakathi nezangaphakathi azijwayelekile kakhulu, kepha futhi kunzima ukwelapha. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, isithombe somtholampilo sivela kuye ngendawo. Ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kunqunywa kuphela ngemuva kokunquma indawo yomonakalo nohlobo lwayo:
Ukwenza kwasendaweni | I-Pathogenesis | Izimpawu | Ukuxilongwa / Ukwelashwa |
| Indlebe engaphandle | Imishini - ukushaywa okungaqondile, amanxeba okugwazwa noma amanxeba okudutshulwa, ukulunywa. | Ngomthelela:
Lapho ulimele:
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Ukwelashwa kufaka:
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| Thermal - ukusha nesithwathwa. | Okweshile:
Ngeqhwa:
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| Amakhemikhali - ukungena kwezinto ezinobuthi. | Izimpawu ezifanayo njengokulimala okushisayo. Izimpawu zivela kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni lwezinto ezifakiwe. | ||
| Umsele wendlebe |
| Izimpawu ezifanayo njengokuhlukumezeka kwesigaba sangaphandle (indinyana iyingxenye yako). | |
| Indlebe yangaphakathi |
| Uhlobo lokuqala lomonakalo luvame ukuzibonakalisa:
Ngomonakalo we-acoustic, igazi liyabonakala ezicutshini ze-labyrinth. Lapho lesi sibonakaliso sidlula, ukuzwa kuyabuyiselwa. Kodwa-ke, ukugula okungalapheki kudala ukukhathala kwama-receptors, okudala ukuphikelela kokuzwa kokuzwa. |
Ukubuyiselwa esimweni esingalaliswayo kungenzeka kuphela ngokuhlukumezeka kwe-acoustic ngokuchayeka okuncane emsindweni. Kwezinye izimo, ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngokuvamile kuyadingeka. Ukwelashwa kufanele kuhlolwe yi-otolaryngologist. Umsebenzi wokubuyisela izakhiwo zokwakheka kungenzeka kuphela uma isiguli sisesimweni esigculisayo. Imvamisa akunakwenzeka ukubuyisa ukuzwa okujwayelekile, umuntu akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kosizo lokuzwa. Ukwelashwa kweziguli, ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa, kufaka phakathi:
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| Indlebe emaphakathi | Imvamisa ihlanganiswa nokuhlukumezeka esifundeni esingaphakathi. Ukulimala okuvame kakhulu yi-barotrauma. Lesi simo sokugembula sicasulwa:
Ezinye izinhlobo zokulimala:
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Akunzima ukwelapha isimo se-pathological. Ulwelwesi luyalulama ngokushesha. Uma kukhona isilonda, lapha ngesinqandakuvunda. Izinsuku ezingama-5-7 zokuthatha imishanguzo elwa namagciwane (njengoba kunqunywe udokotela). Ukugcotshwa komuthi wokwelashwa okwanele kufanele kuphulukise emasontweni ayisithupha. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, kudingeka ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa (kusuka ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kuya kupulasitiki noma ukuhlinzwa okuncane kwe-laser). Omunye umonakalo ungadala ukuthi igazi linqwabelane emseleni wezindlebe. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuvuvukala kuyavela. Udokotela ubeka imishanguzo ye-vasoconstrictor. Ngemuva kokuqedwa kwe-edema, uchwepheshe wezokwelapha uhlanza umgodi kusuka kunqwabelene. Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kungabekwa uma ama-ossicles wokuhlola elimele, kanye nokuhlanza ukudlula kobomvu. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, umsebenzi wokuhlola ungaphansi kokulawulwa okukhethekile. Uma ingenakubuyiselwa ngokuphelele, usizo lokuzwa luyadingeka. |
Insiza yezimo eziphuthumayo
Ukulimala kwezindlebe kungahluka ngobukhulu. Ezinye zazo kungabhekwana nazo zodwa, kanti ezinye zidinga ukubona udokotela ngokushesha. Izimpawu nezici ezidinga ukwelashwa:
- ukushaya okunamandla endlebeni;
- ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki nobude (ngaphezu kwamahora ayi-12);
- ukukhubazeka kokuzwa noma ukulahlekelwa;
- hum ezindlebeni;
- ukwehluleka okukhulu komzimba, okudinga ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa;
- ukopha;
- isiyezi, ukuquleka.
Uma kwenzeka kukhona umonakalo, isisulu sidinga usizo lokuqala. Uma ukulimala kukuncane (ngokwesibonelo, ukulunywa okubuthakathaka, ukusika okungajulile, njll.), Indawo ethintekile kufanele ilashwe ngesisombululo samagciwane (i-hydrogen peroxide nezinye). Bese ubeka ibhandishi elihlanzekile.
Lapho i-auricle idilizwe ngokuphelele, kufanele isongwe ngendwangu emanzi engenanzalo, uma kungenzeka, imbozwe ngeqhwa. Ukuhambisa isisulu kanye nengxenye yesitho somzimba esibhedlela. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kungakapheli amahora ayi-8-10 ngemuva kwesigameko ukuze odokotela babe nesikhathi sokuthunga indlebe emuva.
Ngeqhwa elincane, kuyadingeka ukubuyisa ukujikeleza kwegazi: gcoba izindlebe zakho ngezintende zezandla zakho, ugoqe ikhanda lakho ngeduku noma ufake isigqoko. Kunconywa ukuletha isisulu egumbini elifudumele futhi uphuze itiye elishisayo. Uma kwenzeka kubanda kakhulu, izenzo ziyefana, kepha ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okufanelekile kuyodingeka.
Lapho umzimba wangaphandle ungena endlebeni, ungayinyakazisa ngokutshekisa ikhanda lakho ubheke esithombeni esithintekile. Uma lokhu kungasizi, udinga ukukuthola ngezimbiwa (inqobo nje uma into ingajulile, ibonakala ngokusobala futhi kungenzeka uyixhume). Ungafaki izindwangu zikakotini, iminwe, njll ezindlebeni zakho. Lokhu kungayicindezela kakhulu futhi kulimaze indlebe.
Uma isinambuzane singene endlebeni, ikhanda kufanele litshekele kolunye uhlangothi kusuka esithweni esilimele. Thela inani elincane lamanzi afudumele ephaseji ukuze impukane, ibhungane, njll. intanta phezulu.
Nge-barotrauma emnene, ukunyakaza okuncane okuhlafunayo noma kokugwinya kungasiza. Ngokulimala kanzima kwalolu hlobo, udinga ukufaka ibhandishi bese uya esibhedlela.
Uma isimo se-pathological sicasulwa yingxubevange, isisulu kufanele siyiswe endaweni ezolile. Faka ibhandishi bese uyisa kudokotela. Uma uketshezi luphuma ngaphandle kwendinyana, beka isiguli ohlangothini oluthintekile ukuze kube lula ukuphuma kwaso. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuletha isiguli esikhungweni sezokwelapha ngokwakho, ungashayela i-ambulensi.
Ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu kwe-acoustic kufana nokuphazamiseka. Ngakho-ke, usizo lokuqala luyafana. Ukulimala kwe-Acoustic kwemvelo engapheli kukhula kancane kancane futhi akudingi zenzo zangaphambi kokwelashwa.
Ukuvimbela
Noma yisiphi isifo kulula ukusivimba kunokwelapha noma ukuhlinzwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukulimala endlebeni akuhlukile, futhi ingozi yokuvela kwazo ingancishiswa ngokulandela imihlahlandlela elula.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlanza kahle izindlebe zakho ekungcoleni naku-wax. Kunconywa ukuthi umane uzigeze ngensipho lapho ugeza noma ugeza. Ungasebenzisa futhi ama-swabs okotini, kepha ungafaki kuwo ngokujulile, ngaphandle kwalokho ungalimaza izindwangu, uvale uthuli ne-wax ujule kakhulu. Kunezinwele kulwelwesi lwamafinyila lwe-auricle, zihlanza imbobo ngokuzimela, zicindezela konke okungadingekile ngaphandle. Uma ukuhlanzwa kwemvelo kwephuliwe ngasizathu simbe, udinga ukuxhumana ne-otolaryngologist.
Lapho undiza endizeni, kuyalulekwa ukuhlafuna ushingamu noma ukuncela amalollipops. Ukuhlafuna nokugwinya kunyakazisa ingcindezi endlebeni. Lapho ucwiliswa emanzini ekujuleni okukhulu, zonke izidingo zokuphepha kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nazo.
Uma unenkinga yezindlebe nokucinana kwamakhala, akufanele undize noma ungene. Udinga ukuthi uqaphele lapho uphefumula: okokuqala sula ikhala elilodwa (uphine elinye ngeminwe yakho), bese ulandela elinye. Uma kungenjalo, ungavusa i-barotrauma emnene.
Lapho umsebenzi uhlotshaniswa nemisindo ephezulu, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ama-headphone kanye nama-earplugs ngesikhathi somsebenzi. Uma umsindo ungenakugwenywa, kunconywa ukuvula umlomo wakho. Ukuze ungalimazi izindlebe zakho, kungakuhle ukuthi ungabi nezehlakalo zokuzijabulisa njalo ngomculo onomsindo (ngokwesibonelo, amakilabhu, amakhonsathi, njll.). Futhi, awukwazi ukuvula umsindo ngamandla agcwele ocingweni, kwikhompyutha, uma ugqoke ama-headphone.
Lapho ufundisa ubuciko bokulwa obuhlukahlukene, kuyadingeka ukuvikela ikhanda: gqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela esikhethekile noma enye ingubo ekhanda enikezwe ngamasu okuphepha.
Indlebe isitho esibalulekile. Uma kwenzeka ukwephula okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwayo, umuntu uzokhubazeka futhi ngeke akwazi ukuphila impilo ephelele. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuxhumana nempilo yakho ngokuzibophezela futhi ulandele izincomo zokuvimbela ukulimala.
