I-post-traumatic arthrosis inguquko eqhubekayo yokuwohloka kwe-dystrophic ngokuhlangana kwenkambo engapheli eyenzeka ngenxa yokuchayeka kumenzeli ohlukumezayo.
Izizathu
Ngisho nokulimala okuncane kungavusa ukuthuthuka kwezinqubo eziwohlokayo ejoyintini. Izimbangela ze-arthrosis yangemva kokuhlukumezeka kwehlangothini lamadolo zifaka:
- i-pathology yesakhiwo se-anatomical sokujoyina;
- ukufuduswa kwezicucu;
- ukulimala kwezakhiwo ze-capsular-ligamentous;
- ukwelashwa okungakafiki noma okunganele;
- ukukhubazeka isikhathi eside;
- ukwelashwa okuhlinzekwayo kwezinkinga ezihlangene zamadolo.
Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo sivela ngenxa:
- ukwephulwa kokuhambisana kwendawo e-articular;
- ukwehla okuphawulekayo kokuphakelwa kwegazi kuzakhi ezahlukahlukene zokuhlangana kwamadolo;
- ukuhamba isikhathi eside kokufakelwa.
Izizathu zokuthuthukiswa kwe-arthrosis kungaba ukuqhekeka kwe-intra-articular ngokufuduka kanye nokulimala kwe-menisci kanye nemisipha (ngokwesibonelo, ukuqhekeka).
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Izigaba
Ngokuya ngesilinganiso sokubonakaliswa, kunezigaba ezintathu zokugula:
- I - imizwa ebuhlungu ivela ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca umzimba, ngokunyakaza kwesitho esithintekile, kuzwakala ukugoqana ejoyintini. Azikho izinguquko ezibonakalayo endaweni ehlangene. Ubuhlungu benzeka ngokushaya ngamandla.
- II - ubuhlungu obubonakalisiwe ngesikhathi sokushintshwa kusuka ku-static kuya ku-dynamics, ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe ekuseni, ukuqina, ukuqhuma okukhulu ejoyintini. Ngokushaya, ukuguqulwa kwesikhala esihlangene nezindawo ezingalingani eceleni komugqa kunqunywa.
- III - ukuma kwejoyini kuyashintshwa, ubuhlungu buba bukhulu ngisho nokuphumula. Izinhlungu ziyaqina ebusuku. Kukhona ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe. Ijoyinti elonakele liyazwela ekushintsheni kwezimo zezulu.
Izinhlobo
Ngokuya ngokwendawo, kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-arthrosis yangemva kwenhlekelele ezahlukaniswa, ngayinye yazo ezochazwa ngezansi.
I-arthrosis yangemva kokuhlukumezeka kwamadolo
Inqubo yokuvuvukala ihlanganisa uqwanga, imisipha, imisipha nezinye izinto zejoyini. Isilinganiso seminyaka yeziguli yiminyaka engama-55.
I-arthrosis yangemva kokuhlukumezeka kwejoyini lehlombe
Lesi sifo singathinta ilunga elilodwa noma womabili amahlombe. Izimbangela zalesi sifo ukungahambi kwazo nokwelula.
I-arthrosis yangemva kokuhlukumezeka kweminwe
Uma izicubu ze-cartilage zamalunga eminwe zilimele, inqubo ekhulayo yokuvuvukala iyaqala.
I-arthrosis yangemva kwenhlekelele yeqakala
Lesi sifo senzeka ngenxa yokufuduka nemifantu.
I-arthrosis yangemva kokuhlukumezeka yelungu le-hip
Izizathu zokuthuthuka kwalolu hlobo lwesifo ukuqhekeka kwemisipha nokunye ukulimala okuhlangene.
I-arthrosis yangemva kokuhlukumezeka kwejoyinti lendololwana
Ukulimala kuholela ekuwohlokeni kwesimo sejoyinti lendololwana. Ukulimala okuyinkimbinkimbi kungadala umonakalo omkhulu kuqwanga nokukhubazeka kwendololwane, ngenxa yalokho ukugqokwa kwezicubu kuyashesha futhi imishini yokujoyina iphazamisekile.
Izimpawu
I-pathology ingaba i-asymptomatic isikhashana noma ifihle ngemuva kwemiphumela yokusalela ngemuva kokulimala ngokuhlanganyela. Ngesigaba esithuthukile sesifo, izimpawu zomtholampilo ze-arthrosis zingabonakala isikhathi eside.
Ezigabeni zokuqala, lesi sifo sizibonakalisa:
- ubuhlungu;
- qhekeka.
I-Pain syndrome ibonakala ngezici ezilandelayo:
- kwasendaweni endaweni eyonakele yezicubu;
- ayikho imisebe;
- ukuqaqamba nokudonsa;
- imizwa ebuhlungu engabalulekile ekuqaleni iba namandla ngokwengeziwe ngokunyakaza;
- ekuphumuleni, azikho futhi zivela ngesikhathi sokuhamba.
Ukuqubuka kuyanda njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka. Kubhekisela ezimpawu ezizinzile ze-arthrosis yangemva kokuhlukumezeka. Ngasikhathi sinye, isimo sobuhlungu siyashintsha. Basakazeka kulo lonke ukuhlangana kwamadolo futhi bangaphuma ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kwedolo. Ubuhlungu buba nomlingiswa osontekile, ozinzile futhi buba bukhulu ngokwengeziwe.
Izimpawu eziphawulekayo ze-arthrosis yangemva kokuhlukumezeka kwehlangothini lamadolo ukubonakala kobuhlungu nokuqina lapho uphuma esimweni sokuphumula. Lezi zimpawu zenza ukuthi kusheshe kuhlolwe lesi sifo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokucwaninga. Ngokuvamile zivela ngemva kokulala.
Ngokuzayo, ngokuqhubeka kokugula, joyina:
- ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezithambile eziseduze;
- ukuqhuma kwemisipha;
- ukuguqulwa kwejoyini;
- ukukhubazeka;
- ukuwohloka kwesimo sesiguli ngokomzwelo nangokwengqondo ngenxa yesifo esibuhlungu njalo.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuqashelwa kwezifo kwenziwa ngokuya ngezimpawu zokwelashwa, izikhalazo zesiguli kanye ne-anamnesis. Udokotela kufanele ngokuqinisekile acacise ukuthi ngabe isiguli besike saba nokulimala ngokuhlanganyela esikhathini esedlule. Ngomlando wokuhlukumezeka, amathuba e-arthrosis yangemva kokuhlukumezeka anda kakhulu.
Ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwesiguli kanye nokushaywa kwendawo eyonakele. Ukubuka konke kwe-X-ray yelungu kuyenziwa. Kwezinye izimo, i-MRI noma i-CT inqunyelwe ukucacisa ukuxilongwa.
© Olesia Bilkei - stock.adobe.com. I-MRI
Lapho uthatha i-X-ray, isithombe sesifo simi ngokulandelayo:
- Mina - ukunciphisa isikhala esihlangene, emaphethelweni lapho kutholakala khona ukukhula kwamathambo. Kunezindawo zasendaweni zokuqothula uqwanga.
- II - ukwanda ngosayizi wokukhula kwamathambo, ukuncipha okukhulu kwesikhala esihlangene. Ukuvela kwe-subchondral sclerosis yepuleti yokugcina.
- III - ukusonteka okukhulu nokuqina kobuso be-cartilaginous of the joint. I-Subchondral necrosis ikhona. Igebe elihlangene alibonwa ngamehlo.
Ukwelashwa
Lesi sifo sidinga ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi. Esigabeni esilula, ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kusetshenziswa kuhlangene nokwelashwa kokuvivinya umzimba kanye ne-physiotherapy. Uma ukwelashwa okulondolozayo kungaholeli kumphumela oyifunayo futhi i-pathology iqhubeka, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kwenziwa.
Umgomo wokwelashwa ukuvimbela ukubhujiswa kwezicubu ze-cartilage, ukuqeda izinhlungu, ukubuyisela ukusebenza ngokuhlanganyela nokwenza ngcono izinga lokuphila lesiguli.
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa
Ukuze uthole i-arthrosis yangemva kwenhlekelele kunconywe le mithi elandelayo:
- Ama-chondroprotectors. Zivimbela ukubhujiswa kwe-cartilage futhi zibe nomphumela wokuvikela kumatrix.
- Abalungisi beMetabolism. Ziqukethe amavithamini namaminerali izakhiwo kanye nezinto eziwusizo.
- Izidakamizwa ze-NSAID. Yehlisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Izidakamizwa zisetshenziswa ngesikhathi sibhebhethekisa lesi sifo.
- I-Hyaluronic acid.
- Imithi yokwenza ngcono i-microcirculation endaweni ethintekile.
- I-Glucocorticosteroids. Kunqunywe ngokungabi bikho komphumela wokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa.
- Kusho ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle (amafutha, ama-gel) ngokusekelwe ezingxenyeni zemvelaphi yezitshalo nezilwane.
I-Physiotherapy
Ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa izinqubo ze-metabolic kwizicubu ze-cartilage, ukunciphisa izinhlungu nokunciphisa ukubhujiswa kwejoyini.
Izindlela zokwelashwa kwe-Physiotherapeutic:
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Ultrasound;
- inductothermy;
- i-electrophoresis;
- ukwelashwa ngemagnet;
- izicelo ze-ozokerite ne-parafini wax;
- phonophoresis;
- i-barotherapy yendawo;
- ukwelashwa kwe-bifoshite;
- ukutshopa;
- i-balneotherapy.
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Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa
Ngokuqhubeka kwe-arthrosis, ngaphandle kokwelashwa okulondolozayo futhi uma kukhonjisiwe, udokotela anganquma ukwelashwa okuhlinzekwayo.
Kusetshenziswa izindlela zokuhlinza ezilandelayo:
- endoprosthetics;
- imigqa yepulasitiki;
- ngokuhlanganyela arthroplasty;
- i-synovectomy;
- ukulungisa i-osteotomy;
- ukukhwabanisa kwe-arthroscopic.
Ukuhlinzwa kungesinye sezigaba zokwelashwa futhi akususi ngokuphelele i-pathology.
Amakhambi abantu
Izindlela zokupheka zemithi yesintu zisetshenziswa njengezihlanganisi ekwelashweni okuyinhloko. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuphumelela kakhulu esigabeni sokuqala sesifo noma ekuvikeleni kwaso.
I-St John's wort, i-burdock, i-nettle nezinye izitshalo zisetshenziswa njengama-anti-inflammatory, decongestant kanye nama-regenerating agents. Zisetshenziselwa ukulungiswa kokuthanjiswa, ama-decoctions, amafutha okugcoba nezinye izindlela zokusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle.
Izinkinga
Njengomphumela wokuqhubekela phambili kwe-arthrosis yangemva kokuhlukumezeka, i-ankylosis, i-subluxation kanye nenkontileka ngokuhlanganyela kungenzeka.
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Isibikezelo nokuvinjelwa
Umphumela wesifo uncike ebukhulwini nasekwaneni kokwelashwa. Kwezinye izimo, ukubuyiselwa okuphelele kwejoyini akunakwenzeka. Ukwelashwa okufanelekile kuyindlela engavamile kakhulu, cishe kunemiphumela emibi kakhulu njalo.
Izindawo ezonakalisiwe zezicubu ze-cartilage azikwazi ukubuyiselwa. Inhloso eyinhloko yokwelashwa ukumisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngemuva kwesikhathi, ukunganakwa kwenqubo kanye nokuguga kwesiguli kungakhubekisa ukubikezelwa kwenkambo yezifo.
