Ithenda ye-Achilles inamandla kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu futhi ingamelana nemithwalo emikhulu. Ixhuma imisipha yethole kanye ne-calcaneus, ngakho ibizwa nangokuthi i-calcaneus tendon. Ngokuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo okunamandla, le ngxenye yomzimba isengozini enkulu yokulimala, okuvame kakhulu ukuthi kube uhlobo lwe-Achilles tendon. Imicu iyaguga bese iyafa. Ubuhlungu obubukhali buhlaba emlenzeni, buvuvukale, nombala wesikhumba uyashintsha. Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha. Ukuze uqonde uhlobo lokulimala, kunconywa ukuthi wenze i-ultrasound, i-MRI, ne-X-ray.
Izici zokuhlukumezeka
Ithenda le-Achilles lakhiwe ngemicu eqinile yesakhiwo esinyene. Azinwebeki ngokwanele, ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokulimala, zithambekele ekunwebeni nasekudabukeni. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kubasubathi abakhuthele abaziqeqesha njalo.
Ngenxa yale tendon, singakwazi:
- Gijima.
- Eqa.
- Hamba ngezitebhisi.
- Uzwane phezulu.
Ithenda le-Achilles ohlelweni lwe-musculoskeletal lisebenza njengethuluzi eliyinhloko lokukhulisa isithende ngesikhathi sokuvivinya umzimba, lakhiwa yimisipha emibili emikhulu: i-soleus ne-gastrocnemius. Uma benza isivumelwano ngokuzumayo, ngokwesibonelo, lapho begijima, bezivocavoca noma beshaya, imisipha ingase idabuke. Yingakho abasubathi befudumeza leli qembu lemisipha ngaphambi kokuqala ukuziqeqesha. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, khona-ke "ukuqala okubandayo" kuzokwenzeka, ngamanye amagama - imisipha engalungiselelwe namathende azothola umthwalo i-oda ephakeme kakhulu kunaleyo abangayemukela, okuzoholela ekulimaleni.
Ukuphefumula kuyisifo somsebenzi sabo bonke abasubathi, abadansi, abafundisi bokuqina kanye nabanye abantu izimpilo zabo ezihlotshaniswa nokunyakaza okungapheli nokucindezeleka.
Isithombe somtholampilo sokulimala
Ukwelulwa kwethenda le-Achilles kuhambisana nokuduma okungathandeki nobuhlungu obucijile eqakaleni, kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuthi isisulu singaquleka ngenxa yokwethuka kobuhlungu. Cishe ngokushesha, kule ndawo kuvela isimila. Lapho inani elikhulu lemicu liphuka, licindezela ukuphela kwezinzwa, futhi nobuhlungu buyaqina.
Izimpawu zokwelula kuncike ebukhulwini baso futhi zingafaka okulandelayo:
- ukopha noma kancane kancane kuthuthukisa i-hematoma enkulu;
- ukwandisa ukuvuvukala kusuka eqakaleni kuya eqakaleni;
- ukwenzeka kokwehluleka esifundeni se-calcaneal esingemuva ngethimba eliphelele le-tendon;
- ukungabi namandla kwezimoto zonyawo.
© Aksana - stock.adobe.com
© Aksana - stock.adobe.com
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuqala, i-traumatologist ihlola izinga lokulimala ngokuzwa nangokujikeleza unyawo. Ukuphathwa okunjalo kubuhlungu kakhulu, kepha kungasiza ekunqumeni ubukhulu bomonakalo eqakaleni.
Usizo lokuqala lokwelula
Ngokulimala konyawo, akunasimo lapho kufanele uzibandakanye ekuzixilongeni nasekuzelapheni. Izindlela ezikhethwe ngokungafanele futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ithenda elingahlanganisiwe ngeke likuvumele ukuthi uhlanganyele ngokuphelele kwezemidlalo futhi lizokunika umuzwa wobuhlungu nokungakhululeki isikhathi eside. Uma kutholakala ukulimala, kufanele ubize udokotela ngokushesha noma umhambise egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo.
Ngaphambi kokuvela kwengcweti, umlenze kufanele ungasebenzi futhi kufanele kusetshenziswe isihlwathi, ukuzama ukwenza lokhu ngozwane oluliwe. Uma ungenawo amathuluzi adingekayo, ungasebenzisa ibhandishi elinwebeka ukulungisa umlenze, bese ubeka iroli elincane kakhulu ngaphansi kwawo ukuqinisekisa ukuphuma koketshezi.
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Ukudambisa izinhlungu, sebenzisa:
- Amaphilisi wokulwa nokuvuvukala (i-Nise, i-Diclofenac, i-Nurofen namanye) nama-antihistamine (i-Tavegil, i-Suprastin, i-Tsetrin, njalonjalo). Uma zingekho, ungathatha noma imuphi umuthi wezinhlungu (i-Analgin, Paracetamol).
- Iphakethe leqhwa elichoboziwe noma iphakethe elikhethekile lokupholisa kwezokwelapha Owokuqala noma owesibili kufanele ugoqwe ngendwangu ukugwema i-hypothermia yesitho. Isikhathi sokuvezwa akufanele sidlule imizuzu eyi-15 ngehora.
- Ukwelashwa kotshwala emaphethelweni enxeba uma kulimala esikhunjeni kanye nebhandeshi eliyinyumba ukulivikela ezifweni.
Ukuxilongwa
Udokotela kuphela (i-traumatologist noma i-orthopedist) onganquma ubucayi futhi ahlolisise ukulimala kwethenda ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuqala komlenze. Njengomthetho, i-X-ray yenzelwa isisulu ukuze ikhiphe noma iqinisekise ukutholakala kokwephuka. Uma kungekho ukuphuka, kuyanconywa ukuthi kwenziwe i-MRI noma i-CT scan ukuze uqonde ukuthi imicu, imithambo yegazi, izinzwa nezicubu zilimale kangakanani.
© Aksana - stock.adobe.com
Ukuvuselelwa
Ubude besikhathi sokuvuselela buzoncika ekutheni ithenda lonakaliswe kangakanani. Kunoma ikuphi, isisulu sinikezwa amaphedi wamathambo ngesimo sebhuthi ekhethekile enesithende samasentimitha amathathu. Lezi zinsimbi zingasiza ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kuthenda, futhi zingaphinde zithuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi ngemuva konyawo futhi kusheshise inqubo yokuphulukisa.
Ukuze kutholakale izinhlungu, odokotela bakunika imishanguzo yokuqeda izinhlungu ngendlela yama-gel noma amafutha okugcoba. Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa ama-sprains amancane. Zinciphisa ukuvuvukala, zithuthukise ukuvuselelwa kwamaseli, zinciphise ubuhlungu, zivimbele izinkinga futhi ziyeke ukuvuvukala.
Yize unyawo lusendaweni efanele, kuyadingeka ukuqeqesha nokuqinisa imisipha yamaqakala. Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kuzosiza ngalokhu. Amakilasi aqala kancane kancane. Okokuqala, isiguli siyayekelela futhi sihlunge imisipha, ngemishanguzo emihle yokwelashwa, kusetshenziswa izivivinyo eziyinkimbinkimbi - ukujika, ukushintshanisa uzwane nesithende lapho sihamba, squats.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukululama kufaka nezindlela ze-physiotherapy, okuxoxwa ngazo etafuleni.
| Izinqubo ze-Physiotherapy | Umphumela wokwelashwa kanye nenqubo yesenzo |
| Ukwelashwa kwe-UHF | Isiza sokulimala sivezwa emasimini kagesi anemvamisa ye-oscillation ye-40.68 MHz noma i-27.12 MHz, enikela ekuvuseleleni kwamaseli futhi ithuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi. |
| I-Magnetotherapy | Kuqukethe ukusebenza kwensimu kazibuthe yokuphulukiswa okusheshayo kokulimala. Inomphumela oqinile we-analgesic. |
| Ukwelashwa kwe-Ozokerite nophalafini | I-ozokerite kanye (noma) uphalafini usetshenziswa endaweni eyonakele ngezendlalelo eziningana. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukufudumeza izicubu isikhathi eside, okukhuthaza ukugeleza kwezakhi ezicutshini ezilimele. |
| I-Electrophoresis | Ithenda ye-Achilles ivezwa ekushayweni ugesi okungapheli ukukhulisa umphumela wezidakamizwa. Ama-anesthetics, ama-chondroprotectors, izixazululo ze-calcium nemijovo elwa nokuvuvukala. |
| Ukulinganisa amandla kagesi | Ngokuthonya imisipha yamandla kagesi ashaywayo, ukubuyiselwa kwethoni le-gastrocnemius muscle kuyashesha. |
| Ukwelashwa nge-Laser | Imisebe ye-laser esezingeni eliphansi iholela ekwandeni kwezinga lokushisa kuthenda elimele, ukuqedwa kwe-edema nokulimala. Inemiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-analgesic. |
Ukungenelela kokusebenza
Ngokulimala kanzima, njengokuqedwa ngokuphelele kwethenda, kudingeka ukuhlinzwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, kusikeka endaweni yesimo somonakalo, lapho kufakwa khona imicu eyonakele. Ngemuva kwalokho, isilonda siyacutshungulwa futhi sifakwe umchilo, bese kusetshenziswa intambo noma ukhonkolo phezu kwaso.
Umsebenzi ungavulwa noma ungenele kancane. Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kushiya isibazi eside, kepha inzuzo yaso ukufinyelela okuhle kakhulu kusayithi lokulimala. Ngokuhlinzwa okuncane okungahlaseli, ukusikeka kuncane, kepha kunengozi yokulimala kwe-nerve sural, okuzoholela ekulahlekelweni kokuzwela ngemuva konyawo.
Izinkinga
Uma izinga lokwelula lilula ngokwanele futhi ukuhlinzwa kungadingeki, khona-ke ingozi yezinkinga incane. Into esemqoka hhayi ukuveza isitho emithwalweni enamandla nokuhlehlisa ukuqeqeshwa isikhashana, lapho imilenze ibandakanyeka khona.
Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ezimweni ezingavamile, kungavela lezi zinkinga ezilandelayo:
- Ukungcola okuthelelanayo.
- Ukulimala kwe-nerve sural.
- Ukuphulukiswa kwesilonda sesikhathi eside.
- I-Necrosis.
Inzuzo engenakuphikwa yendlela yokuhlinza yokwelashwa ukunciphisa ingozi yokuphuka okuphindaphindiwe. Izindwangu ezizithambisayo zisengozini enkulu yokulimala okusha. Ngakho-ke, ngokulimala okunjalo, abantu abaxhumeke ngokungenakuhlukaniswa nemidlalo, kungcono ukuhlinzwa kunokulinda izintambo zemisipha zikhule ngokuzimela.
Nweba isikhathi sokuphulukisa
Isivinini sokuphulukiswa kokulimala kwethenda le-Achilles sincike ezintweni eziningi: ubukhulu belimaza, ubudala besisulu, ukuba khona kwezifo ezingalapheki, isivinini sokufuna usizo lwezempilo, kanye nekhwalithi yosizo lokuqala.
- Ngokwelula okuncane, ukuphulukiswa kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngaphandle kobuhlungu, imicu ibuyiselwa emasontweni ama-2-3.
- Ubukhulu bomonakalo obulinganiselwe ngokuqhuma kwesigamu semicu kuzolapha kusuka ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuye kweziyi-1.5.
- Ukubuyiselwa kwemicu ngemuva kokuqhekeka kwayo kuzohlala izinyanga ezimbili.
Abasubathi kufanele bakhumbule ukuthi noma benokulimala okuncane kwethenda, kubalulekile ukunciphisa umthwalo oselungwini, ngaleyo ndlela uvimbele inkinga ukuthi ibe yimbi.
