UVitamin K uvithamini oncibilika njengamafutha. Abantu abavamile bazi okuncane kakhulu ngokusetshenziswa kwayo nezinzuzo zayo, akuvamile njengezithasiselo njengoba, ngokwesibonelo, amavithamini A, E noma uC. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inani elanele le-phylloquinone lihlanganiswa emzimbeni osebenza kahle, ukushoda kwamavithamini kwenzeka kuphela ezifweni ezithile noma izici zomuntu ngamunye (indlela yokuphila, umthwalo womsebenzi, umsebenzi wobungcweti).
Endaweni ene-alkaline, i-phylloquinone iyawohloka, kwenzeka okufanayo lapho kuvezwa ilanga eliqondile.
Sekukonke, iqembu lamavithamini K lihlanganisa izinto eziyisikhombisa ezifanayo ngesakhiwo nangempahla yamangqamuzana. Ukuqokwa kwencwadi yabo kuphinde kwanezelwa ngezinombolo ezisuka ku-1 kuye ku-7, ezihambisana ne-oda lokuvula. Kepha amavithamini amabili okuqala kuphela, i-K1 ne-K2, ahlanganiswe ngokuzimela futhi ayenzeka ngokwemvelo. Zonke ezinye zihlanganiswe kuphela ngaphansi kwezimo zelebhu.
Okushiwo umzimba
Umsebenzi omkhulu kavithamini K emzimbeni ukuhlanganisa amaprotheni egazi, okubaluleke kakhulu enqubeni yokuvala igazi. Ngaphandle kwenani elanele le-phylloquinone, igazi alikhuli, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwalo okukhulu ngesikhathi sokulimala. I-Vitamin ibuye ilawule ukugxila kwamaplatelet ku-plasma, akwazi "ukuhlanganisa" indawo yomonakalo wemithambo yegazi.
I-Phylloquinone ibandakanyeka ekwakheni amaprotheni ezokuthutha, ngenxa yokuthi izakhamzimba ne-oxygen zilethwa ezicutshini nasezitho zangaphakathi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kumaseli e-cartilage namathambo.
UVitamin K udlala indima ebalulekile ekuphefumuleni kwe-anaerobic. Ingqikithi yayo ilele ku-oxidation yama-substrates ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza kwe-oxygen okudliwe uhlelo lokuphefumula. Okungukuthi, ukusuthiswa komoya-mpilo kwamaseli kwenzeka ngenxa yezinsizakusebenza zangaphakathi zomzimba. Inqubo enjalo iyadingeka kubagijimi abangochwepheshe nakubo bonke labo abeza njalo ekuqeqeshweni ngenxa yokwanda komoya-mpilo.
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Ezinganeni ezincane nasebekhulile, ukuhlanganiswa kwamavithamini akuhlali kwenzeka njalo ngevolumu eyanele, ngakho-ke, kaningi, yibo ababhekana nokushoda kwamavithamini ngezinga elikhulu. Ngokushoda kukavithamini K, kunengozi yokuba ne-osteoporosis (ukuncipha kwamathambo nokwanda kokuqina kwawo), i-hypoxia.
Izakhiwo ze-Phylloquinone:
- Isheshisa inqubo yokutakula ekulimaleni.
- Kuvimbela ukuvela kokopha kwangaphakathi.
- Ubamba iqhaza kwinqubo ye-oxidation ngokuntuleka komoya-mpilo wangaphandle.
- Usekela uqwanga namalunga.
- Kuyindlela yokuvimbela ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo.
- Isiza ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwe-toxicosis kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
- Ulwa nezifo zesibindi nezinso.
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Imiyalo yokusetshenziswa (ejwayelekile)
Umthamo wevithamini, lapho ukusebenza okujwayelekile komzimba kuzogcinwa khona, kuya ngeminyaka, ubukhona bezifo ezihambisanayo, nokusebenza komzimba komuntu.
Ososayensi bathole inani elijwayelekile lesidingo sansuku zonke se-phylloquinone. Lesi sibalo singu-0.5 mg womuntu omdala onempilo ongawubeki umzimba ekuzikhandleni okukhulu. Ngezansi kukhona izinkomba zesilinganiso seminyaka ehlukene.
| Okungaba khona | Inkomba ejwayelekile, μg |
| Izinsana nezingane ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu | 2 |
| Izingane ezisukela ezinyangeni ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-12 | 2,5 |
| Izingane ezineminyaka engu-1 kuya kwengu-3 ubudala | 20-30 |
| Izingane ezineminyaka engu-4 kuya kwengu-8 ubudala | 30-55 |
| Izingane ezineminyaka engu-8 kuya kwengu-14 ubudala | 40-60 |
| Izingane ezineminyaka engu-14 kuya kwengu-18 ubudala | 50-75 |
| Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engu-18 | 90-120 |
| Abesifazane abancelisayo | 140 |
| Ukhulelwe | 80-120 |
Okuqukethwe kumikhiqizo
I-Vitamin K itholakala ekugxileni okukhulu ekudleni kwezitshalo.
| Igama | 100 g womkhiqizo uqukethe | % wenani lansuku zonke |
| Iparsley | 1640 μg | 1367% |
| Isipinashi | 483 μg | 403% |
| IBasil | 415 mcg | 346% |
| I-Cilantro (imifino) | 310 mcg | 258% |
| Amahlamvu ka ulethisi | 173 mcg | 144% |
| Izimpaphe zo-anyanisi oluhlaza | 167 μg | 139% |
| I-broccoli | 102 μg | 85% |
| Iklabishi elimhlophe | 76 μg | 63% |
| Ithena | 59.5 μg | 50% |
| Amantongomane kaphayini | 53.9 μg | 45% |
| Iklabishi lamaShayina | 42.9 μg | 36% |
| Izimpande zesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi | 41 μg | 34% |
| ikiwi | 40.3 μg | 34% |
| Amantongomane e-cashew | 34.1 μg | 28% |
| Ukwatapheya | 21 μg | 18% |
| I-Blackberry | 19.8 μg | 17% |
| Imbewu yepomegranate | 16.4 μg | 14% |
| Ikhukhamba elisha | 16.4 μg | 14% |
| Amagilebhisi | 14.6 μg | 12% |
| Hazelnut | 14.2 μg | 12% |
| Isaqathe | 13.2 μg | 11% |
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukwelashwa kokushisa kaningi akugcini nje ngokubhubhisa i-vitamin, kodwa, kunalokho, kuthuthukisa umphumela wayo. Kodwa ukuqandisa kunciphisa ukusebenza kokwamukelwa cishe ngesithathu.
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Ukushoda kukaVitamin K
Uvithamini K uhlanganiswa ngobuningi obanele emzimbeni ophilile, ngakho-ke ukuntuleka kwawo kuyinto engavamile kakhulu, futhi izimpawu zokushoda kwawo zivezwa ukuwohloka kwegazi. Ekuqaleni, ukukhiqizwa kwe-prothrombin kuyehla, okuyikhona okubangela ukuqina kwegazi lapho liphuma enxebeni ezindaweni ezivulekile zesikhumba. Kamuva, kuqala ukopha ngaphakathi, i-hemorrhagic syndrome iyakhula. Ukushoda okwengeziwe kwamavithamini kuholela ekulimaleni kwezilonda, ekulahlekelweni yigazi nasekuhlulekeni kwezinso. I-Hypovitaminosis nayo ingadala i-osteoporosis, uqwanga ossification nokubhujiswa kwamathambo.
Kunezinhlobo zezifo ezingamahlalakhona lapho inani le-phylloquinone elenziwe lancipha khona:
- izifo ezinzima zesibindi (i-cirrhosis, hepatitis);
- i-pancreatitis kanye nezimila zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamanyikwe;
- amatshe e-gallbladder;
- Ukukhubazeka okungahambi kahle kwepheshana le-biliary (i-dyskinesia).
Ukusebenzisana nezinye izinto
Ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwemvelo kukavithamini K kwenzeka emathunjini, ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwama-antibiotic nokungalingani kwe-microflora kungaholela ekwehleni kwenani lawo.
Izidakamizwa ze-garlic ne-anticoagulant zinomthelela omkhulu. Zivimba ukusebenza kukavithamini.
Ukunciphisa inani layo nezidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, kanye nezidakamizwa.
Izakhi ezinamafutha nezithasiselo eziqukethe amafutha, kunalokho, zithuthukisa ukumuncwa kwevithamini K, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuyithatha kanye namafutha wezinhlanzi noma, isibonelo, imikhiqizo yobisi olunothile.
Utshwala nezinto zokuvikela zinciphisa izinga lokukhiqizwa kwe-phylloquinone futhi zinciphise ukugxila kwayo.
Izinkomba zokwamukelwa
- ukopha ngaphakathi;
- isisu noma isilonda se-duodenal;
- umthwalo ohlelweni lwe-musculoskeletal;
- ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu;
- ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic isikhathi eside;
- isifo sesibindi;
- izilonda ezinde zokuphulukisa;
- ukopha kwemvelaphi ehlukahlukene;
- ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo;
- ubucayi bemithambo yegazi;
- ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
Uvithamini okweqile nokuphikisana
Amacala kavithamini K ngokweqile awenzeki kwezokwelapha, kepha akufanele uthathe izithasiselo zamavithamini ngokungalawuleki futhi weqe umthamo onconyiwe. Lokhu kungaholela ekuqineni kwegazi nokwakhiwa kwamahlule egazini ezitsheni.
Ukwamukelwa kwe-phylloquinone kufanele kukhawulelwe lapho:
- ukwanda kwegazi;
- i-thrombosis;
- embolism;
- ukungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye.
UVitamin K wabadlali
Abantu abazivocavoca njalo badinga inani elengeziwe levithamini K, njengoba idliwa kakhulu kakhulu.
Le vithamini isiza ukuqinisa amathambo, amalunga, yandisa ukuqina kwezicubu ze-cartilage, futhi iphinde isheshise ukulethwa komsoco ku-capsule ehlangene.
I-Phylloquinone inikezela ngamaseli ngeoksijini eyengeziwe izicubu zemisipha ezishoda ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca okudinisayo.
Endabeni yokulimala kwezemidlalo okuhambisana nokopha, ilawula ukujiya kwegazi futhi isheshise ukuphulukiswa kwabo.
Izithako ze-Phylloquinone
Igama | Umkhiqizi | Ifomu lokukhishwa | Intengo, gcoba | Ukupakisha isithombe |
| UVitamin K2 njengeMK-7 | Imvelaphi enempilo | 100 mcg, amaphilisi ayi-180 | 1500 | |
| ISuper K ene-Advanced K2 Complex | Isandiso sempilo | 2600 mcg, amaphilisi angama-90 | 1500 | |
| Amavithamini D no-K ane-Sea-Iodine | Isandiso sempilo | 2100 mcg, amaphilisi angama-60 | 1200 | |
| I-MK-7 Vitamin K-2 | Manje Ukudla | 100 mcg, amaphilisi ayi-120 | 1900 | |
| I-Vitamin Yemvelo K2 MK-7 ene-Mena Q7 | Okuhamba phambili kukadokotela | 100 mcg, 60 amaphilisi | 1200 | |
| Uvithamini K2 Ovikelwe Ngokwemvelo | Solgar | 100 mcg, amaphilisi angama-50 | 1000 |
